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Aetiology

Discussing causes, origins, evolution, and implications of disease and other phenomena.

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"...a veritable expert on tawdry cosmetic procedures gone horribly awry..."--Kevin Beck

Tara C. Smith is an Assistant Professor of Epidemiology. Her research involves a number of pathogens at the animal-human nexus. Additionally, she is the founder of Iowa Citizens for Science and also writes for The Panda's Thumb and WIRED SCIENCE's Correlations. Please note the views expressed on this site are Dr. Smith's alone and may not be representative of the groups mentioned above.

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Introduction to HIV and HIV denial

Category: AIDS/HIV
Posted on: June 29, 2007 11:00 AM, by Tara C. Smith

I don't often provide a lot of background into HIV science or HIV denial, instead referencing previous posts I've made or websites such as AIDStruth.org or the NIAID fact sheet. For those of you who may be looking for more background in a nice, concise format, HealthDot has a 20-minute interview with John Moore and Jeanne Bergman (both who help run AIDStruth.org) regarding the issues of HIV science and HIV denial--including a few minutes on what journalists can do.

Comments

Tara, Thanks for all this. I expect you will be inundated by more denialists. Fifteen years ago I was pretty well informed on the subject because I was designing and synthesizing protease inhibitors. The question I have for all the denialists is: what qualifies you to come to your conclusions?

This is not a social issue that is decided by persuasion; this is a technical issue that is decided on the data, by people qualified to understand the data.

There is an article (warning- PDF) that I find useful, it is about how people who know the least about a subject have the strongest opinions http://www.apa.org/journals/features/psp7761121.pdf .

Before denialists play the Duesberg card- I have read his early arguments, while doing so I thought "there must be a psychiatric diagnosis for his condition." Sure, he is an authority on retroviruses; but, on HIV-AIDS he is irrational.

Posted by: Joe | June 29, 2007 11:51 AM

If I remember correctly, some people such as Lynn Margulis appear to not be convinced HIV causes AIDS. Do their ideas have any ground to them? Someone like Dr Margulis have a fairly strong scientific background and don't appear to just be some crackpot.

Posted by: apy | June 29, 2007 12:31 PM

Lynn Margulis got her views from Peter Duesberg & Harvey Bialy and particularly from Harvey Bialy's biography of Duesberg. The fact that Margulis recently parroted those views in a blog posting (including canards like all pregnant women testing positive) suggests that whatever her scientific background, it has not served her well on this topic. I do not know enough about her to know if she's a crackpot, but the people she's getting her information from certainly are, e.g. here is Harvey Bialy attempting to "debate" Nick Bennett:

http://deanesmay.com/posts/1105628771.shtml

Bialy subsequently admitted that "Eccles the Idiot" was also him.

Posted by: Richard Jefferys | June 29, 2007 12:46 PM

Thanks for linking that interview Tara. I'm so jealous of how Jeanne Bergman and John Moore communicate! The analogies were just great.

Posted by: Adele | June 29, 2007 12:53 PM

I suppose we can't be masters of all knowledge. Has she submitted any sort of withdrawal if her statements?

Posted by: apy | June 29, 2007 1:11 PM

I thought the denialists were nuts until i saw the video Hiv Fact or fraud last summer. Its pretty rude that many reputable scientists have questioned the hiv hypothesis, and have been insulted by many. Here is the video I saw last Year.

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5064591712431946916


Keep in mind that most scientists who question hiv have no conflicts of interest, unlike John Moore.

People question HIV because there is no reliable animal model (virtually every animal injected does not die of aids) and there is not much virus present, (its only in a small fraction of T cells) Like 1 in a hundred or so.

Many take the middle road, Like Luc montagnier the discoverer of HIV, Who in his book "virus" in 2000 still stresses the need for co factors, specifically shyh ching Lo's mycoplasma penetrans. This microbe causes disease and death in every animal injected as lo showed. DR. Nicolson has found this microbe via pcr in CFS, ALS, GWI and you can see his research here.

http://www.aegis.com/pubs/atn/1990/ATN09501.html

Garth Nicolsons new book must be read about mycoplasma and Gulf war Syndrome.

www.projectdaylily.com


Im not saying that HIV does or Does not cause AIDS but there needs to be more study, and scientists who questioned should be debated publicly, not insulted personally.

Posted by: cooler | June 29, 2007 1:28 PM

Oh dear,

Tara's doing some "damage control".

Another study comes out (see sidebar) that should get any thinking person to question which way is "up" in "AIDS research".

I like the way Jeffreys basically states the Lynn Margulis can't think for herself. Obviously, Duesberg needs to hold her hand, otherwise she wouldn't question the HIV=AIDS hypothesis. Lame

Anyhoo,
in response to "Joe", who's aware that this really isn't a scientific issue, but a sociolgical one (but states the opposite)...as soon as you science folks lose the gays on this one, it's a done deal. San Diego's Gay Lesbian Times recently published an article that gave the dissidents a fair shake. The editor goes on to say that the GLT will continue to keep the debate open. Oh, dear...

Posted by: Dan | June 29, 2007 1:52 PM

I don't think Dr. Margulis retracted. I don't know her but from what she says I think she has a very regimented anti establishment world view. Not a surprise I guess since she got alot of flak for her own contirbutions to symbiosis theory back then. Also the main denialists are good friends with Margulis. And she at least when she made those statements had only read denialists not the published science.

The problem is, the establishment isn't always wrong or always completely wrong or always made up only of capitalist pigs.

Posted by: Adele | June 29, 2007 2:03 PM

Well, if saying "you're all nuts" is offering to keep the debate open. It could have positive effects though, maybe they can get more of them to renounce their past homophobic comments. Do you see Margulis's statement that all pregnant women test HIV positive as a triumph of independent thinking?

Posted by: Richard Jefferys | June 29, 2007 2:06 PM

Richard,

go back and read the whole statement by the editor.

I'm sure he's quite well aware of the bold step his paper has taken, so, unfortunately, he's got to do some token dissident-bashing. He does go on to say that the debate should be kept open...which is a terribly inconvenient thing for those who promote the AIDS paradigm. They don't want debate. Debate=bad!

If you stood on such firm ground, you would enter debate with open arms and minds. And! If you were the scientists you romanticize yourselves to be, you'd understand that any question or challenge can be revisited, including a complete revision of a paradigm:)

Posted by: Dan | June 29, 2007 2:23 PM

Keep in mind that most scientists who question hiv have no conflicts of interest, unlike John Moore.

Don't they?

Take Harvey Bialy for an example. He might not have any perceived financial conflicts of interest, but those aren't the only conflicts of interest worth considering. In fact, a more salient conflict of interest worth considering is Harvey Bialy's raging and mentally unbalanced hate of homosexuals. In his case, AIDS denialism is either a way of attempting to convince HIV-positive homosexuals the treatment that they need and so contributing to their deaths, or a way of shifting the blame for the disease from an ethically neutral virus to a "lifestyle disease" for which he can blame homosexuals. Perhaps it's a bit of both. In either case, dispassionate evaluation is not common to HIV-denialists.

Posted by: Nullifidian | June 29, 2007 2:37 PM

The claim that debate=bad for those that "promote the AIDS paradigm" is a bit off point isn't it? I am not a doctor nor do I have any experience in AIDS research, but from what I've been reading neither do the denialists. Debate is certainly useful when the two parties of relatively equal understanding of the concepts. It seems like those who "promote the AIDS paradigm" have been hearing the same arguments over and over and have promptly shown that the research disagrees. At this point, what use is debate?

I apologize if what I have said is off base, I have just been reading up on the AIDSTruth website, so perhaps my understanding of the current situation is poor.

Posted by: apy | June 29, 2007 2:38 PM

Apy,

do you watch "The Simpsons"?

You sound like Ralph Wiggum.

Lisa's 2nd grade class had just gotten finished watching a film about the evils of vegetarianism where vegetarians were described as "grade A morons". The children, young and easily susceptible to propagandam, started calling Lisa (a vegetarian) a "grade A moron" for not eating the tripe presented to them.

The fact that you call people "denialists", shows that you've just watched the film (AIDStruth).

Posted by: Dan | June 29, 2007 2:56 PM

Insults based on "The Simpsons"? Really dan. That's almost as good as cooler/911Truther BillyBipBip's comment consisting almost completely of the word "woo" and variations on it.

Posted by: Adele | June 29, 2007 3:01 PM

I preceded and ended my comment with the fact that I am rather new to this entire discussion. I am certainly willing to educate myself more if you would provide information rather than insults.

Posted by: apy | June 29, 2007 3:17 PM

I was mocking you, you're the one that said woo first. I propose a new law that anyone over 80 years old can not say "woo" LOL

Posted by: cooler | June 29, 2007 3:26 PM

Apy,

For a site that isn't high in the google ratings, and presumably gets only 150 hits a day, you seemed to find AIDStruth without a problem.


You're willing to educate yourself. Are you eager to educate yourself?

If you're eager, you'll go out and read everything you can and discern for yourself what's going on. Or you can just rely on AIDStruth. Your choice.

Posted by: Dan | June 29, 2007 3:27 PM

apy,

If you want to look at "alternative" sources of information, here are some ideas.

Barnesworld dot blogs dot com This was set up by Harvey Bialy who's views on homosexuality were mentioned up there and a right-wing lawyer whose employers were even embarased by this. Some of the articles on the site talk about HIV and AIDS. Bialy also photoshops alot of monkeyheads onto photos of John Moore and he had one of Barack Obama as Osama bin Laden. Definitely one of your more intellectual denialist pages.

newaidsreiview dot org This one is from a long time denialist "journalist" named Liversedge. There isn't much science on it but you can see more photos of monkeys and John Moore and read amusing arguments between people like "Forty" and "Pope" a guy named Claus Jensen about if John Moore is a closet denialist.

rethinkingaids dot com Has alot of links to other HIV denialist sites and it doesn't have such a distracting thing with ridiculing John Moore. The president is Etienne Deharven who is a emeritus scientist. They have a list of people who supposedly think HIV doesn't cause AIDS. The problem with it, alot of people on there never signed it or they're dead, of AIDS. Also denialists like to say everyone who'se on the list is a scientist but they're not.

duesberg dot com From the head honcho of bad science himself. Has all his like three thousand bad reviews linked legally or illegally I don't know. It all makes sense when you read it until you start looking at the references he uses and there are alot of them, he's lying about it all or using bad logic. All the time.

alive and well dot org. This one wants HIV positive mothers breastfeed their kids even though breastfeeding is a transmission risk. People on their board are people who make money "treating" these patients with "alternative" medicine. Cooler would call it woo. I call it cynicism and conflict of interest too.

There are more but they're all linked together. Read them but be critical. I've read most of em and I could lose one hand and still have enough fingers to count the facts I saw.

Posted by: Adele | June 29, 2007 3:55 PM

Not all of us are microbiologists or virologists, yet we have an important obligaton to question academic HIV research, and demand an accounting, especially when HIV research is suspected to be tainted by academic misconduct, unethical or immoral conduct, or influenced by drug company money sponsorship. The danger of leaving oversight to academics in the ivory tower is the same as placing the fox to guard the chicken house.

A favorite false argument by the AIDS apologists is the one you raised, which is, don't raise any questions because only the highly trained HIV virologists and HIV immunologists in their ivory towers can actually know anything about HIV, and the rest of us poor souls should thank them while we submit to HIV testing, and deadly anti HIV drugs like nevirapine which had once been banned by the CDC ( January 2001).

When science enters our living room, then that gives us the right and obligation to question mandatory HIV testing with false positives that can send life into upheaval, or even trigger the administration of toxic deadly drugs, or removal of a child by social agencies. This has become an even more serious issue in the past 30 years with a long list of bad drugs approved by the FDA and later withdrawn, and other serious problems with the health care system which have come to light as mentioned in books by Abramson and Angell. It is also imperative for the taxpayer to demand an accounting of all the billions of taxpayer public dollars spent on HIV research with no vaccine, no animal model and no mechanism of disease.

The basic questions that need to be answered are:

1) has medical science proven the hypothesis that HIV causes AIDS? If so, where are the medical references? So far, none of the drug company reps or paid political activists has posted these in spite of repeated requests. They have given us a few links from the AIDS truth web site, such as this Gallo NEJM article

Who among you here accepts this article as the one that proves HIV causes AIDS?

2) Where are the placebo controlled studies showing safety and efficacy of nevirapine and the other HIV drugs? There aren't any. This is a disgrace.

3) Where is the animal model for HIV causing AIDS. There isn't any. This is a disgrace.

4) Where are the hundreds of healthcare workers who contracted AIDS from occupational exposure to AIDS patients needle sticks? There is a governement CDC report of occupationally acquired AIDS which are problematic, there are no other peer reviewed medical literature reports of interns, residents, surgeons, and nurses catching AIDS from needle sticks from AIDs patients. This experiment injecting human "primates" (ie health care workers) with HIV laden needle sticks has been a colossal failure, same as the colossal failure to cause AIDS in chimps by injecting them with HIV. Chimps don't get AIDS.

It is a disgrace that deadly toxic drugs are being administered to mothers and babies without scientific proof of the causation between HIV and Aids, and without a placebo controlled drug study showing safety and efficacy of the toxic drugs.

For more info see; reviewingaids DOT com

Posted by: Evion | June 29, 2007 4:05 PM

Adele,

oh my. What a difference it would have made had you simply listed the sites without commentary.

It would have given you some credibility, and in doing so, shown the supposed strength of your position.

I hope Apy's interest is real, and will embark on a journey of discovery.

Posted by: Dan | June 29, 2007 4:09 PM

"For a site that isn't high in the google ratings, and presumably gets only 150 hits a day, you seemed to find AIDStruth without a problem."

It's linked to twice in the post you are commenting on.

"You're willing to educate yourself. Are you eager to educate yourself?"

I don't know what this means. This isn't some world changing event where I decide to take the blue pill. I'm just reading some websites.

"If you're eager, you'll go out and read everything you can and discern for yourself what's going on. Or you can just rely on AIDStruth. Your choice."

You seem fairly willing and eager to criticize rather than suggest some reading sources.


Adele,
Thanks for the site listing, I'll look it over when I can.

"oh my. What a difference it would have made had you simply listed the sites without commentary."

You are willing to speak fairly negatively about the aidstruth website but criticize someone which speaks negatively about the 'other side'? Perhaps arguing against specific points might help?

Posted by: apy | June 29, 2007 4:28 PM

Evion,
Certainly you raise some useful points. The most important being "who to trust". For many issues, one can look at the arguments themselves and determine which one is more likely to be valid, for instance the sun travels around us or we around the sun. However, something like AIDS has been studied for years upon years by very intelligent people with obviously controversial results, perhaps it will take a bit more than just reading a few webpages to come to a conclusion that one can consider their own. After reading a few web pages I cannot say that I understand the fine details any more than before, I can only regurgitate what various people have stated and present their arguments, none of which are the result of any research I have on the subject.

More importantly, you point out that nobody has given any solid proof that HIV leads to AIDs. From what I have found on the AIDSTruth.org website seems to suggest this is very well known and presents a few links to documents.

The AVERT web site (http://www.avert.org/evidence.htm) states:
The alternative definition of AIDS requires a CD4+ cell count consistently below 200 cells per cubic millimetre of blood, which cannot be explained by any factor other than HIV (such as cancer, malnutrition, radiation or chemotherapy). No HIV test is required.

It turns out that the vast majority of people diagnosed with AIDS fit these criteria. They form a population that barely existed before 1980, but which now numbers hundreds of thousands in the USA and Europe alone. People with such severe immune deficiency are at very high risk of developing serious illnesses and usually die within months (unless they take antiretroviral drugs).10, 11, 12 We can use this simple, unambiguous definition to test the association between HIV and AIDS.

I am not going to say if this is valid or not, I simply don't know. But given that some people are arguing that HIV does not lead to AIDS, do they have any evidence of an alternative? Do they have an animal model? Certainly lacking these does not mean dissidents are wrong, since the pro HIV to AIDS community does not either, but if both choices are on equally poor footing, what tips the balance in the way of the non-HIV theory? Is there any research which shows an overpowering existence of a counterexample to HIV causing AIDS? This would most definitely sway a number of people wouldn't it?

Finally, if the statement is HIV does not cause AIDS, and from what I understand even some of the most outspoken dissidents agree that HIV does exist, certainly if they all inject themselves with HIV and don't get AIDS that would be a pretty strong counter example. It looks win-win for both sides too.

Posted by: apy | June 29, 2007 4:57 PM

Dan,

Is there anything untrue about my "commentary"? Did Harvey Bialy put monkey heads on John Moore or not? Did all the people on deharven's "list" actually sign it or not? Are there people on there who died of AIDS or not? Does the Alive and Well board include alot of people who make money from giving patients "alternative" treatments or not?

The disgrace here "Evion" is people who can't come up with one original objection to solid HIV science in the last twenty years. Like asking for the "one" paper that proves this or that. Or insisting that "hundreds" or thousands or whatever of healthcare workers should have got AIDS when the reasons why it's lower were given again and again and then just this afternoon by people like DT on the other thread. Or saying yet again there aren't any placebo controlled studies when they know there are or they're just repeating what some other denialist said.

Every denialist argument is like this at least the ones I've seen. They're old. They were mostly crap even when they first came out with a few exceptions that were answered since then. They require you to ignore the evidence or else lie about it like we've seen Andrew Maniotis do here and like Duesberg has done since the eighties.

Posted by: Adele | June 29, 2007 5:02 PM

Perhaps arguing against specific points might help?

Is that so Apy? Why don't you mention some specific points you'd like to discuss then?

Following Adele, do you want to discuss homophobia, right wing lawyers, composite pictures, the definition of 'long time denialist "journalist"', "a lot of people whose problem is they didn't sign or they're dead of AIDS", whtehre Duesberg the "head honcho of bad science" links legally or illegally, or wheteher the above are all - gasp - linked together?

Come on take your pick, show your genuine interest in the science. You look pretty well informed after all

Perhaps your specific points are "what an animal model shows HIV doesn't cause AIDS" Well tell us what such a model looks like, apart from no animals get AIDS from HIV and we'll try to accomodate you

Don't be shy now, you're among powerful friends, so please go ahead and tell us what the "overpowering existence of a counter example to HIV causes AIDS" would be. We'll try to find one that satisfies you.

Posted by: Pope | June 29, 2007 5:17 PM

I don't know, but the specific post you are referencing I made was referring to some sort of model for what dissidents do think causes AIDS. I'm asking for an experiment that can be preformed that is reproducible that causes AIDS. Sorry for the confusion.

Posted by: apy | June 29, 2007 5:26 PM

I'm asking for an experiment that can be preformed that is reproducible that causes AIDS.

Apy, I'm sure you know that such an experiment would take a long time and cost a lot of money. Do you know somebody who'd like to finance and publish it?

Posted by: Pope | June 29, 2007 5:38 PM

Mr Bialy claims to be very rich. Rich people often know rich people, perhaps he could work something out?

Posted by: apy | June 29, 2007 5:42 PM

apy,

HIV research has SIV models of AIDS. HIV was a zoonosis it came from SIV in primates that infected an injured hunter or someone preparing the meat. So the ideal model of AIDS would be using the same virus or a similar virus in a host that hadn't seen that virus before. If you infect a primate with a SIV from another species it gets symptoms of AIDS. T-cells go down, it gets OIs actually most of the AIDS symptoms have been seen at one time or another. So there is a model. It's not perfect but what animal model of disease is? There are alot of questions left but we're working on them.

On the other side, most denialists have a drug or stress theory of HIV causing AIDS. There's a large block of research on drugs of abuse and other drugs and animals. The only drugs that cause anything like AIDS are immunosuppressives. Drugs don't cause AIDS. Stress doesn't cause AIDS. There's nothing out there you can link from an animal model to everyone who has AIDS. Except for a lentivirus you can find in every AIDS patient.

Posted by: Adele | June 29, 2007 5:47 PM

Ah, Adele, you never answered my question, have chimps always been such an imperfect animal model as in the case of HIV/AIDS?

The only drugs that cause anything like AIDS are immunosuppressives. Drugs don't cause AIDS

Thank you for that. I'm confident Apy can draw his own conclusions from that piece of logic without comment - if he wants to...

Posted by: Pope | June 29, 2007 5:54 PM

Duesberg knows rich people too. His lab got funded by rich ultraconservatives. Duesberg's had twenty years to make a contribution to AIDS research. What has he done? Published a bunch of repeated reviews that are an embarassment to the journals who published them. Lies, distortions, childish logic. Why didn't he do some of these drug studies to prove he was right? He's supposed to be the modern Galileo, what gives?

Posted by: Adele | June 29, 2007 5:55 PM

"The only drugs that cause anything like AIDS are immunosuppressives. Drugs don't cause AIDS

Thank you for that. I'm confident Apy can draw his own conclusions from that piece of logic without comment - if he wants to... "

I can't draw a conclusion yet, I need another piece of data. It sounds like you are implying AIDS is caused by drugs. So, have a statistically relevant portion of AIDS patients been proven to have taken a drug that is shown to have immunosupressive effects?

Posted by: apy | June 29, 2007 6:00 PM

When I wrote immunosuppressive I meant drugs used to prevent organ transplant rejection. Some steroid use can do the same thing.

Illegal drugs? Take heroin. There's been alot of interest in heroin and HIV since alot of people get HIV by injecting drugs together with someone who already has it. So there's been alot of research on this. The people in these studies with HIV have about half the CD4 T-cells that drug users without HIV have. Jon Cohen did a article about drug use and Duesberg in Science over ten years ago.
http://www.sciencemag.org/feature/data/cohen/266-5191-1648a.pdf

Different drugs do different things to the immune system. These all get outweighed by what HIV does. HIV infection ends up depleting a specific population of cells and that leaves you helpless to the fungi and bacteria you normally fight off every day.

Posted by: Adele | June 29, 2007 6:13 PM

Adele said

The disgrace here "Evion" is people who can't come up with one original objection to solid HIV science in the last twenty years. Like asking for the "one" paper that proves this or that. Or insisting that "hundreds" or thousands or whatever of healthcare workers should have got AIDS when the reasons why it's lower were given again and again and then just this afternoon by people like DT on the other thread. Or saying yet again there aren't any placebo controlled studies when they know there are or they're just repeating what some other denialist said. Every denialist argument is like this at least the ones I've seen. They're old. They were mostly crap even when they first came out with a few exceptions that were answered since then. They require you to ignore the evidence or else lie about it like we've seen Andrew Maniotis do here and like Duesberg has done since the eighties.

1) Adele, you seem to be in agreement that there is not one paper that proves HIV causes AIDS? Right? And at the same time, you seem to feel that there is no problem with the fact that there is not one paper that proves HIV causes AIDS. We dont need any papers that prove HIV causes AIDS. Do you agree with this Adele? How about two, three four or five papers? How many papers does it take to prove HIV causes AIDS? 100 papers, a thousand, the entire medical literature? Is this what you think Adele, that a collection of thousands of papers collectively prove HIV causes AIDS, but they cannot be listed individually? Correct? Which is it Adele? Will you be evasive and/or lie about this or give it straight this time?

2) Adele, you seem to agree that there are enough occupationally acquired AIDS reported in the medical literature to preserve the hypothesis that HIV acquired by health care workers causes AIDS? What about Brazil?

"Brazil ranks among the countries with the highest numbers of AIDS case reports in the world. By the end of the year 2000, 203,353 cases and 100,494 deaths due to AIDS had been reported by the National System. Although there are 99 documented or possible cases of occupational exposure to HIV in the world literature, no cases had been reported in Brazil up to the present date."

The first case of AIDS due to occupational exposure in Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases vol.6 no.3 Salvador June 2002, , Naila Janilde Seabra Santos et al.

This is the number 200,000 AIDS cases by end of year 2000, and ZERO reported occupationally acquired AIDS, until this ONE case of AIDS? One is a very lonely number. Sorry, Adele, although I would like to be a believer, you are not very convincing. Remember the numbers, 200,000 AIDS cases and ONE nurse gets AIDS from a patient, thats ALL. Something smells fishy in Denmark.

3) Adele, this is what your DT colleague says is a placebo for the placebo controlled nevirapine trial. The drug group received nevirapine and 2 more toxic HIV drugs, the placebo group received a placebo (instead of nevirapine) and two more toxic HIV drugs. Adele, so you really believe that this charade is a placebo controlled trial? The "placebo" is in actuality 2 toxic drugs. What ever happened to the old way, one group receiving the drug and the other group receiving a placebo? (not a placebo and two toxic drugs?) This is very sick twisted logic which is a disgrace to humanity and medical science. Do you agree with this Adele, that 2 toxic drugs can be called a "placebo"? You want to talk about crap? This is crap.


Posted by: Evion | June 29, 2007 6:15 PM

Where's the one paper that proves evolution? Honestly. You have access to the medical literature so look it up. Although you're probably a creo.

I'm satisfied with Bob Gallo's first group of papers plus Jay Levy's independent isolation. But none of that would've worked without the four years of publications by doctors and other people describing AIDS and what it was and how its infectious. If you want those papers and there are hundreds, go get them. They're not a secret. After 1984 there were still issues to solve. A lot of them were , some not. That's why we still work on it. But the causation is proven as much as you can prove something.

If you're interested in stick-infection, go read DT on the other thread.

Your placebo is really pissing me off. When you know a drug can save someone's life you don't give them a salt pill. So if you come up with a maybe better drug, you compare the first drug to the second one. It's called ethics. But there's not a single paper proving ethics, is there, I admit it.

Posted by: Adele | June 29, 2007 6:23 PM

If you want to compare drugs, why not compare those on any antiretrovirals to a group of patients only on LDN. Let's see which group fares the best and who lives the longest. It would not be unethical to do this because those of us on LDN are on it by choice and it is being prescribed legally. Maybe some are afraid of the results that would be found.

Posted by: noreen Martin | June 29, 2007 6:29 PM

Different drugs do different things to the immune system. These all get outweighed by what HIV does.

Makes you wonder what exactly the HIV test measures doesn't it?

Apy, You seem to have lost interest in animal models almost as quickly as Adele and have instead started speculating in how rich people are tied together:

Mr (sic) Bialy claims to be very rich. Rich people often know rich people, perhaps he could work something out

Are you suggesting philantropist millionaires should fund alternative medical research with no view to profit? But that would subvert the pharmaceuticals, perhaps our whole enlightened capitalist democracy wouldn't it?

You're not a commie are you Apy, or perhaps an islamist?

Posted by: Pope | June 29, 2007 6:29 PM

If you were the scientists you romanticize yourselves to be, you'd understand that any question or challenge can be revisited, including a complete revision of a paradigm:)

Well said, Dan! Exactly the point that I have been making in another thread while addressing the anti-scientific stance of Dr. Aust.

Since Tara added this "damage control" post right after my last post in the other thread, I'm reposting part of my "two questions" post, here. Posters like "Joe" seem to believe that ordinary people have no business assessing the successes and failures of HIV science, even though the failures can easily be identified as outnumbering the successes by a wide margin. He obviously doesn't realize how dangerous his obsequious attitude is--particularly given the high-levels of corruption in modern medicine. It isn't Duesberg stance that is irrational, but rather, it is "Joe" and his eagerness to legitmize the "secret" language of HIV that is irrational.

_____________________

Because people fool themselves without knowing they are doing it. -- Dr. Aust

Your most recent testimonial proves that you understand a thing or two about fooling yourself. I've got two very basic questions for you, Doctor...two questions questions that you do not seem to want to honestly answer, yet they are the best place to begin our evaluation.

Are people still dying from HIV/AIDS?
and
How are they dying?

Before we answer these questions, let's look at why HIV apologists, such as yourself, try to invalidate my right, and more importantly, the rights of fellow scientists to ask these two very basic questions. This implicit censorship, among professionals, is very telling. After all, the evidence exposing HIV/AIDS as a mistaken explanation is quite apparent; twenty years of shoddy science is not easily defended. I find one example particularly telling; the ridiculous back-peddling often employed by those who "study" HIV is unmistakable, and their scripted recantations are downright Orwellian--such an unbecoming environment for producing good science--yet, Dr. Aust, and others on this blog, prefer to remain oblivious.

Science is not alone in the loss of self-correcting mechanisms. The hollow testimonies of the numerous shills in our society are unavoidable, and they would be almost entertaining, that is, if they weren't so goddamn disconcerting. Whether its housing, education, or health care, those in control of the funding have proved to be more interested in using that money to increase personal wealth, to obscene levels, in spite of obvious detriments to the integrity of the social institutions they purport to serve. The economy (housing bubble), civic responsibility (cynical citizens who don't vote) and personal health (profiteering trumps care concerns) are all riddled with damning examples of frequent and blatant abuses of public trust by those in control. Consequently, a culture of accepted corruption--across institutions--has become normalized while legitimate endeavors and concerns suffer from neglect. Such massive corruption has eroded the self-correcting mechanisms that previously assured the integrity of these institutions, and those responsible for the decline should be held accountable. In fact, many of those who now hold professional status should lose it.

Where HIV/AIDS is concerned, a system of rituals and a "secret" language disguised as specialized science has replaced the system that has worked for so long--a system based primarily on independent inquiry, real Science! Scientists and doctors, alike, are complicit in allowing this to happen. The abandonment of "do no harm" is an important component to understanding how this could happen to such a damaging degree. Once again, professional complicity was absolutely required before such specious science could ever become normalized. Don't you agree, Dr. Aust? Regardless, accountability will be necessary before change can occur.

__________________________

The negative results of endemic corruption are obvious throughout our society, and the pathetic and impotent claims produced by HIV science provide some of the most absurd examples:

"HIV is very enigmatic but always fatal...well, at some point in the future it's fatal...we just can't tell you the when or the how, unless you take these pills 12 times a day; then, we can tell you...because we can monitor your "markers" for HIV, as you get sicker from the drugs. Also, we'll continue to ignore these debilitating and deadly side effects, while also refusing to recognize the irrelevance of HIV markers, in spite of research suggesting otherwise. We also ignore the obvious changes in cause of death and the disparities in disease presentation in different parts of the world. Remember, it's a very enigmatic virus...just take your pills and the side effects, take those too...they're part of the deal. You'll die if you don't. Did I mention that? We haven't even gotten to the conflicting mutation theories but boy do they mutate..."

Dr. Aust, you and your colleagues, have had twenty years to come up with an answer, and this is the best that you can do. HIV/AIDS is a money tree for Big Pharma, and it's inability to explain the realities of this disease condition are becoming ever more apparent. Your posturing has grown tiresome, and it is a danger to public health.
____________________
Finally, let's answer those two basic questions, shall we?

Are people still dying from HIV/AIDS?

Yes...the number that are dying from "AIDS" is virtually unchanged. While the ranks of healthy HIV positives has grown due to scaremongering and increased testing, the connection between the two appears to be quite dubious. Thus, HIV positivity is a red herring, unless of course you continue to shoot Meth and/or begin a regimen of life-ending retrovirals.

How are they dying?

This is where things get even more interesting...whether apologists will admit it or not, many more "AIDS" patients are dying from the medications. Organ failure, including liver and heart, along with physical deformities have become normalized and synonymous with HIV/AIDS, which is in stark contrast to the defining ailments that characterized the condition early on. Of course, the apologists refuse to acknowledge the significance of this fact and continue to argue that the alternatives are worse, but as Noreen and myself understand, the "real" alternatives can mean the difference between living and dying. This is a human tragedy, and the killing by prescription has to stop.

As for HIV, the only thing that mutates faster than the virus are the laughable theories used to explain-away its numerous explanatory deficiencies.

Kevin

Posted by: Kevin | June 29, 2007 6:32 PM

Dear Adele,

OK I understand you feel that HIV causes AIDs has been proven, and this proof is recorded openly somewhere in the medical literature. Fine. If this is so, then why no occupationally acquired AIDS cases in Brazil after 200,000 AIDS patients were treated in Brazilian hospitals upto the year 2000, at which time a single AIDS case was reportedly acquired from an AIDS patient? Doesn't this strike you as rather odd, and inconsistent with the "proven" hypothesis that HIV causes AIDS? Only one case?

Posted by: Evion | June 29, 2007 6:37 PM

"You seem to have lost interest in animal models"
What do you mean? I asked if there was an animal model for what dissidents think causes AIDS. Do I have to mention it in every post from then on?

noreen Martin,
What is LDN?

"Are you suggesting philantropist millionaires should fund alternative medical research with no view to profit? "
I'm just suggesting a possibility to acquire funds to research it. Someone expressed an issue with testing dissident theories due to lack of funds, but if many of the head dissidents are very wealthy perhaps they could fund their own research. If it pays off they could possibly pull a profit out of it, depending on what they find. I'm not sure why you feel the need to accuse me of being a commie or an islamist, I don't see what that has to do with funding research.

Posted by: apy | June 29, 2007 6:42 PM

LDN or low dose naltrexone is a wonderful drug that is helping many with immune deficiency diseses from cancers to autimsm, MS, AIDS and a lot more in between. It works by a differnt concept, meaning that it does not directly kill anything. Instead, it works by boosting the body's own endrophin levels in the brain so that the body can ward off diseases. It is taken late at night and not in a time-release form so that all through the next day the body's levels are normal. It has been found that many people with immune diseases have low levels of endrophins and this helps to correct this problem.

This drug is not new and Dr. Bihari used it in the early 80's for his AIDS patients. It has done great things for M.S. and some studies have been done on it. As stated earlier, it is cheap, non-addictive, no side effects and it works. I swear by this drug and you can take from that what you may. Having had AIDS and many of the AIDS-defining diseases, this drug has helped to keep me healthy. Since being on it, I haven't even had the common cold.

Posted by: noreen Martin | June 29, 2007 6:51 PM

So what's the balance on Harvey Bialy's bank account, and who else is rich, Ape? How much does it cost to keep theAIDS Inc. research machine running for a year? I'll give you a clue, it ain't millions.

Posted by: Pope | June 29, 2007 6:54 PM

I don't know, but the specific post you are referencing I made was referring to some sort of model for what dissidents do think causes AIDS. -- apy

I realize that I am only one example,but I suffered severe immune dysfunction, in the form of AIDS-defining ailments, while consistently testing HIV-negative. I've only recovered by my health after existing conventional care and by finding an MD who practiced holistic treatment for immune failure. He also realized that my health was being severely compromised by opportunistic fungal infections, which is also found in virtually all HIV-positive AIDS cases. For example, PCP and candida are both common AIDS-related fungal infections. Regardless, my health has drastically improved over the past two years, using primarily alternative treatments.

I have posted about my experiences numerous times on this blog. If you are truly interested in learning about an alternative interpretation of "AIDS", you can review my previous posts on the subject:

Here and Here...

In trying to find answers, I've found others, both test-positive and test-negative who have similar histories. The positive ones were usually placed on ARVs, which seems to help for a short period, but the negative patients, like me were left with few answers, unless we found them on our own, which I did! As long as conventional medicine prefers to remain in the dark about the realities of this condition, effective treatments for all "AIDS" cases will be a long-time coming, and perhaps, that's exactly what Big Pharma and modern medicine want...it certainly assures big profits and job security.

In my opinion, there will never be an easy, all-encompassing answer for AIDS, for it obviously has multiple causes. Unfortunately, or perhaps fortunately, HIV doesn't appear to be one of them. What I do know is that the most effective treatments for restoring immune health will require a holistic understanding by both patient and doctor, and pharmaceuticals will definitely play a smaller role if the goal is long-term immune reconstitution. That's a fact.

Kevin

Posted by: Kevin | June 29, 2007 7:27 PM

Having had AIDS and many of the AIDS-defining diseases, this drug has helped to keep me healthy. Since being on it, I haven't even had the common cold.

Noreen, I've been trying to get my HMO-doctor to prescribe LDN for me, so that I can add it to my regimen. It's a new HMO-doctor, so he's only known me since I've recovered my health, though he has access to my entire health history since I had my files sent to him. Even so, he refuses to prescribe it for me. I'm looking for a new doctor but, of course, my experience is that they are all mostly the same. I guess I could drive 400 miles to see the holistic doctor who helped me get well. Perhaps, I'll just call him, but I was hoping my insurance will cover it.

Is the $22/month, pre or post insurance, Noreen?

Kevin

It so hard to get good care in the country. I highly recommend Sicko to all the blog readers here. It opens nationwide tonight, I believe.

Posted by: Kevin | June 29, 2007 7:38 PM

Jeane Bergman is awesome and speaks like a true concerned human being scientist:

The HIV denialists say that the young children at ICC could not refuse the drugs or fight off the "researchers" who gave them their medications. Should children of two or even 12 years get to decide if they will or will not take their medicine? Of course not, particularly when irregular dosing may result in drug-resistant HIV."

Because kids don't know that not taking drugs will make their viruses be drug resistant - so you've got to make them understand by force. I get that fine, my father used to hit us with his belt buckle when we didn't understand that he was thirsty for his brown water. But we learned, and so should everyone.

But, please, one thing I'm still trying to figure out, what's the standard, for testing I mean, because no one will tell me, except by not answering. And I have a clinic to run, in Australianus, where my Aboriginees are depending on me to figure out who gets to die first on the lifesaving drugs.

Please help! What is the purified, particulate standard for hiv tests, that shows you that the 12-year old in Jeane Bergmans' article can't make a decision for himself?

I just keep coming up with no answer, on every test they always say that the other test is the standard, and then that there is no standard, adn I know what this means, because I took an HIV educators seminar, where they said that tests test for a particle that causes BIIIG problems in homosexuals and black peoples, but we had to ask everybody to get tested anyway, but relaly, just the blacks and gays were important. And I said, why? and they said, because they have the particle, and you know that from the tests. And I said - OOOOHHHH - I get it, they have the particle, and you know that beause you hvae it in the Smithsonian.

And they said, well, I guess they didn't say anything. So, I'm stuck, with all these bad batched old tests adn all these Aboriginees in Australianus, so please, someone tell me, what is the standard? You know, the single, purified, particulate, magic bean that is the reference point on the map for my old tests?

Because I paid a lot of money to set up this clinic, because I knew I could get the welfare checks out of their big, brown hands, if I tried hard enough - so please, don't let me down!!!

What's teh standard? What's the purified particulate standard?

Pleaase!! Tell me!

Posted by: JD | June 29, 2007 9:19 PM

Kevin,
The cost is before insurance, plus shipping because the drug has to be filled by a compounding pharmacy. Some of these are listed on the lowdosenaltrexone.org site. I hope that you can find a holistic, environmental or other open-minded doctor who will fill the prescription. I wouldn't try AIDS or infectious disease doctors because most will not go there, which is a shame because this drug is usefull and helping so many. What section of the country do you live in?

Posted by: noreen Martin | June 29, 2007 9:28 PM

SPeaking of standards, I found this on the internet (which I know is mostly horsepoop), so is this true, or am I really out of luck with my testing clinic?

"Along the same lines, no one is HIV viral load negative. All samples of human blood, tested by PCR Viral Load, always demonstrate the presence of copies of "HIV RNA." The standard protocol for HIV Viral Load declares a blood sample negative if less than 400 copies of HIV RNA are found."

Is that true? Why isn't anyone negative on the hiv pcr tests?

Similarly, the ultrasensitive protocol for HIV viral load declares a blood sample negative if less than 50 copies of HIV RNA are found (Roche 2003). No single human being is, therefore, entirely free of copies of "HIV RNA" in his/her blood. We all are "HIV Viral Load" positive to some degree. Whether this is due to minimal expression of endogenous retroviruses or to universal exposures to stressor agents remains to be analyzed.


Man, this sucks. I don't know what to do anymore. Or who to believe! Won't somebody help? WHy isn't anyone negative? Are we all going to die????

Oh NO! I just ordered a Wii. Now I'll never get to use it.

Posted by: JD | June 29, 2007 10:27 PM

His name was Ryan Boelle. Everybody knew him as Angels Boi because he had a huge crush on the actor who played the part. Ryan was a small person, had a weak immune system, and was a homosexual. Ryan had a fight with his lover, they split, and during the split Ryan went to a sex party. There he was among a number of people who fellated an HIV positive man. Ryan had a tooth abcess.

Ryan quickly developed a high virus count, concurrently his T-cell count crashed. He had trouble with the initial cocktail. He had trouble with getting on Medicaid because state bureaucrats had to have everything done right. Because of this is was off his medication for some time.

Finally things got straightened out, he started his drug regime again, and he got better. But damage had already been done. Ryan would spend the last two years of his life swinging between full-blown AIDS and having the virus under control. Each time the virus held sway more damage was done.

He lost energy. He healed more and more slowly. It took more and more medication to suppress the virus. Until, finally, there was nothing that could be done. About three years ago his family had him taken off life-support. He died an hour later.

Ryan was a friend of mine. Never met him in person, only over the Internet, but he was a friend. He was bright, lively, inquisitive, and enthusiastic. He loved life, he loved people, he loved Dungeons & Dragons. He was a constant source of ideas and advice regarding the game. It hurt him when he had to quit the boards where he discussed his hobby. It hurt even more when his health became so bad he could no longer play. Yet through all his troubles he reached out to people to help, to advise, to communicate. For all throughout his ordeal he loved people.

Ryan did abuse drugs when he was younger. He did have some at the party, for the first time in years. His T-cells crashed at the same time as his viral count exploded. With his weak immune system you'd think his previous drug history would've led to drug triggered AIDS back when he was a teen. If drug abuse does cause AIDS then why did he get better whenever his viral count went down? If the drugs do nothing, then why did viral count drop when he was on medication, and rise when he wasn't? Why is this true for people besides Ryan Boelle?

The HIV-AIDS connection has been tested by people who know the scientific method. Nobody has yet shown a more accurate explanation. I don't think they're even trying, despite decades of opportunity. HIV denial has become a matter of faith, and that is poisonous to critical thought.

Posted by: Alan Kellogg | June 30, 2007 3:19 AM

"HIV has become a matter of faith" where is the evidence that HIV causes AIDS? We are suppose to take this on faith. And I suppose that AZT never hurt anyone too. If must be great not to pursue other avenues or theories because then the mainstream can never be wrong. Hell, they won't even debate the issue. So I ask you why should we take all of this on blind faith? Why should we believe what Gallo has to say when he was convicted of scientific misconduct? At least the rethinkers consider both sides of the issue because most started out with the mainstream's point of view.

If one looks at the 30 AIDS, defining diseases, they are not new and each are treatable. When one hasn't any symptoms then one is not sick. It's as simple as that. Not to be cruel but with many diseases, one will get better or not. There is no mystery to this. AIDS, a new classification, was the perfect storm. Events fell into place and many took advantage of this for the almighty dollar.

Mow, much to many's dismay, many of us have tossed the meds and are healthy. This brings up serious doubts about the situation. We cannot be explained away or sweep under the carpet. We are real and not theories to tear apart. I will leave you'll on that one and let you argue your "theories" back and forth. Several months from now I will check back in with you and let you know how things are going.

Posted by: noreen Martin | June 30, 2007 5:57 AM

HIV denial has become a matter of faith, and that is poisonous to critical thought. -- Alan Kellogg

Bullshit.
Your telling of Ryan's story is a blatant propaganda piece, and it is AIDS propaganda that is poisonous to critical thought. For another example of the AIDS propaganda machine, one only has to review the literature and choose from the myriad of insanities contained therein. A particular favorite of mine is Immune Reconstitution Syndrome

Rather, than admit that long-term immune reconstitution is impossible for those on HAART, the AIDS propaganda machine has created an entirely new syndrome to absolve the drugs from their obvious responsibility for further compromising the immune systems of patiets. Unbelievable! One might be led to believe by such antics, that long-term immune reconstitution is not the goal of current HIV treatment, and that's a crime against all of us. A favorite quote from the link:

"After a couple weeks on his HIV regimen, he developed a fever, blurred vision, and swelling around his eye. The odd thing was that his CD4 count had gone up dramatically since starting HIV medications. So what was going on? His immune system was better (oh, really?), yet his eye looked horrible. LZ was seen by his doctor and was diagnosed with immune reconstitution syndrome."

Brilliant. It's the drugs, Stupid. As Noreen can affirm, a patient's well-being is a far better indicator of immune health and a far better template by which to base future care decisions than surrogate markers. For example, if someone has low CD4's but is not ill, don't make them ill just so your "surrogate marker theory" looks good. If Ryan would have had doctors who actually cared about his well-being, perhaps, they would not have been so quick to poison him to death, Alan.

______________________

Thank you for the LDN info, Noreen. I'll try to find a physician who'll prescribe it. My insurance won't cover it unless my HMO-doctor prescribes it. I used to have separated drug coverage which allowed me to choose any doctor, but that changed this year, as my HMO tauted a "new and improved" coverage plan. Yeah, right....

22 bucks isn't so bad but it's the principle, and it's further prove of just how rotten health care in this country actually is. Ignorant posters like "Raven" may be satisfied with our 37th ranking, right behind Costa Rica, but I think we can do better.

_______


That's for funny stuff, JD. You aim is right on target. Injecting a little humor into this mess is always welcome, if done with tact. Thanks.

Kevin

Posted by: Kevin | June 30, 2007 1:18 PM

I thought the denialists were nuts until i saw the video Hiv Fact or fraud last summer. Its pretty rude that many reputable scientists have questioned the hiv hypothesis, and have been insulted by many. Here is the video I saw last Year.

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5064591712431946916


Keep in mind that most scientists who question hiv have no conflicts of interest, unlike John Moore.

People question HIV because there is no reliable animal model (virtually every animal injected does not die of aids) and there is not much virus present, (its only in a small fraction of T cells) Like 1 in a hundred or so.

Many take the middle road, Like Luc montagnier the discoverer of HIV, Who in his book "virus" in 2000 still stresses the need for co factors, specifically shyh ching Lo's mycoplasma penetrans. This microbe causes disease and death in every animal injected as lo showed. DR. Nicolson has found this microbe via pcr in CFS, ALS, GWI and you can see his research here.

http://www.aegis.com/pubs/atn/1990/ATN09501.html

Garth Nicolsons new book must be read about mycoplasma and Gulf war Syndrome.

www.projectdaylily.com


Im not saying that HIV does or Does not cause AIDS but there needs to be more study, and scientists who questioned should be debated publicly, not insulted personally.

Posted by: cooler | June 30, 2007 1:46 PM

and scientists who questioned should be debated publicly,

Just like evolution deniers? The debate has already taken place in the literature, and the deniers' pet theories haven't stood the test.

Posted by: Tara C. Smith | June 30, 2007 2:31 PM

Just like evolution deniers? The debate has already taken place in the literature, and the deniers' pet theories haven't stood the test

Yes just like evolution deniers. What's wrong with debating evolution in public? Why is it that scientific debate must be hidden from the public's eye in "the literature"

But ok, maybe Tara could point us to the literature where the debate with Duesberg and others has taken place, and tell us which theories have been tested according to the suggestions made by Duesberg and others.
One notable debate which didn't take place in "the literature" is Robert Gallo's promised rebuttal to Duesberg's PNAS article Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Correlation But Not Causation http://duesberg.com/papers/ch3.html

Posted by: Pope | June 30, 2007 2:51 PM

I'm talking about a public jury of millions, not a group of scientists who have many conflicts of interest, and many others that are afraid to speak out. A public jury usually gets the verdict right in a criminal case, and experts because of conflicts of interest get it wrong in our judicial system.

The real reason there is no public debate is because of fear, ie millions of people would start asking tough questions, so the hiv orthodoxy, much like a prosecutor with a bad case, does everything from letting the public hear another side of the argument. A good prosecutor would not care about the public hearing another side of an issue, thats why John Moore is spending so much time trying to prevent people from hearing an argument, he's insecure.

John Moore is like a corrupt prosecutor who tells a jury "you cant hear another side of an argument because you might beleive it" Any responsible juror would demand to hear both sides of an issue to get to the truth.

If you have read Orwells's 1984, bad science/ideas can advance in many countries that don't allow the public to hear both sides of an issue. For example, in Mao's China or Stalin's Russia if you were an economist and you wanted to publish an academic paper saying their economic policies were fraudulent, would the academic establishment have ever allowed it?

Of course not, because in many societies the academic establishment is heavily influenced by government/orthodox propaganda that exerts it's influnece in several ways such as financial influence, and other more subtle ways, as Orwell spoke about via "Thought control"

Again here is a list of many scientists that have questioned HIV at one time or another.

Luc montagnier
Shyh Ching Lo Cheif Of the infectious unit of the AFIP
Walter Gilbert nobel prize winner
Kary Mullis nobel prize winner
Peter Duesberg Retroviral expert
Richard strohman UCB

Many more

Millions of Americans have a right to hear the other arguments and make up our own mind.

Posted by: cooler | June 30, 2007 3:01 PM

I'm talking about a public jury of millions, not a group of scientists who have many conflicts of interest, and many others that are afraid to speak out. A public jury usually gets the verdict right in a criminal case, and experts because of conflicts of interest get it wrong in our judicial system.

This is too funny. There are articles upon articles in legal journals detailing precisely how prosecutors and defense attorneys routinely misuse statistics, withhold or massage vital data, and then put ignorant people in the jury box because they're going to not be able to recognize the distortions being fed to them. It happened to me once. I was removed "for cause" in voir dire because I admitted to being a biologist.

This is behind the denialists' campaign for public debate, and the creationists' campaign, the relativity-deniers' campaign, etc. People without the technical background can be led by the nose in a way which is less likely when the data is laid out and the arguments circumscribed by the necessity to put forth one's claims in a manner which evaluates it against the existing literature, rather than using mere rhetoric to wow the public.

Your list of scientists is misplaced. Nobody cares. You're just putting forth stupid rhetorical tricks again. I got my degree from a university (UCSD) with seven Nobel laureates in its biology department, the most for any university in the US. The second is the U of Chicago, and they have six laureats of only the fake Nobels in economics given out by the Bank of Sweden.

And it may shock you to discover that nobody gave a damn that person X had won a Nobel prize. It is the quality of their research that matters, not the name, the degree, or anything else which people like you latch on to try to give a veneer of credibility to an argument that has no basis in reality.

Posted by: Nullifidian | June 30, 2007 4:45 PM

Tara,

you write that the 'evolution deniers' debate has already taken place 'in the literature', but 'hasn't withstood the test.'

I see a debate ongoing, spilling into the public sphere, gaining momentum and a great deal of ink spilled in the press. I am familiar with the historical debates, reaching back to Ernst Mayr, I know of no serious scientist who would claim any debate to be over because of putsch-like arguments forwarded by a medical elite.

I am not a Christian, by the way, and I am agnostic on most evolutionary claims, although I reject the neo-Darwinian simplification of descent as a means and natural selection - ie sexual congress - as the means for speciation.

The symbiogenicists are much further along the right path, in my opinion.

I think that is an expression you should learn, quickly: "In my opinion."

Science is always an opinion. The a