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Discovering Biology in a Digital World

My thoughts on biology, teaching, life, and exploring the living world via the digital one. Only my opinions are represented by these postings, they do not represent the viewpoints of any funding agency or Geospiza, Inc.

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Sandra Porter I am a microbiologist and molecular biologist turned tenured biotech faculty turned bioinformatics scientist turned entrepreneur. My passion is developing instructional materials for 21st century biology (Geospiza Education).

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    classroom activities:

    Would your class like to clone and sequence plant genes?

    Dave Robinson and Joann Lau from Bellarmine College in Kentucky are going to be describing their student project in a free webinar next Friday, May 16th. Their students clone GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase) genes from new plants, assemble the DNA sequences, and submit them to the NCBI. Here's an example. Plus, since GAPDH is a highly conserved, it's a great...

    Comparing mutant and wild type structures

    How to compare mutant and normal protein structures.

    Mapping polymorphisms in 16S ribosomal RNA

    In the class that I'm teaching, we found that several PCR products, amplified from the 16S ribosomal RNA genes from bacterial isolates, contain a mixed base in one or more positions. We picked samples where the mixed bases were located in high quality regions of the sequence (Q >40), and determined that the mixed bases mostly likely come from different...

    Exploring OpenOffice: what did we learn?, part I

    I think all of us; me, the students the OO advocates, a thoughtful group of commenters, some instructors; I think many of us learned some things that we didn't anticipate the other day and got some interesting glimpses into the ways that other people view and interact with their computers. Some of the people who participated in the challenge found...

    The OpenOffice challenge: can you do what needs to be done?

    Okay OpenOffice fans, show me what you can do. Earlier this week, I wrote about my challenges with a bug in Microsoft Excel that only appears on Windows computers. Since I use a Mac, I didn't know about the bug when I wrote the assignment and I only found out about it after all but one of my students turned...

    Digital Biology Friday: A microbiology blast puzzler

    Here's a fun puzzler for you to figure out. The blast graph is here:...

    Bacterial metagenomics on the JHU campus: analyzing the data, part IV

    Do different kinds of biomes (forest vs. creek) support different kinds of bacteria? Or do we find the same amounts of each genus wherever we look? Those are the questions that we'll answer in this last video. We're going to use pivot tables and count all the genera that live in each biome. Then, we'll make pie graphs so that...

    Bacterial metagenomics on the JHU campus: analyzing the data, part III

    This is third video in our series on analyzing the DNA sequences that came from bacteria on the JHU campus. In this video, we use a pivot table to count all the different types of bacteria that students found in 2004 and we make a pie graph to visualize the different numbers of each genus....

    Bacterial metagenomics on the JHU campus: analyzing the data, part II

    What do you do after you've used DNA sequencing to identify the bacteria, viruses, or other organisms in the environment? What's the next step? This four part video series covers those next steps. In this part, we learn that a surprisingly large portion of bioinformatics, or any type of informatics is concerned with fixing data entry errors and spelling mistakes....

    Bacterial metagenomics on the JHU campus: analyzing the data, part I

    For the past few years, I've been collaborating with a friend, Dr. Rebecca Pearlman, who teaches introductory biology at the Johns Hopkins University. Her students isolate bacteria from different environments on campus, use PCR to amplify the 16S ribosomal RNA genes, send the samples to the JHU core lab for sequencing, and use blastn to identify what they found. Every...

    If you have free time over winter break...

    You can get a jump on the Darwin Day festivities. Once again the Alliance for Science is sponsoring an essay contest for Darwin Day. If you download their suggestions for good essay writing, you can get your essay done over winter break and have a good crack at winning on those cash prizes! The Alliance for Science is pleased to...

    Digital Biology Friday: Free to evolve?

    This is a fun puzzle. The pink molecule is a protein and the other molecule is a nucleic acid....

    Digital Biology Friday: Animal Mitochondria and Evolution, part II

    You too, can compare chimp and human DNA.

    Match the trace with the sample

    Can you do it? This is what bioinformatics technicians or data analysts do in diagnostic labs.

    Digital Biology Friday: Animal Mitochondria and Evolution Revisited

    An evolution activity for the classroom.

    The Halloween aftermath: graphing the candy, part I

    Fun ideas for your Halloween loot

    Digging up the dirt on campus bacteria: how do we know if we have good data?

    Metagenomics is a field where people interrogate the living world by isolating and sequencing nucleic acids. Since all living things have DNA, and viruses have either DNA or RNA, we can identify who's around by looking at bits of their genome. Researchers are using this approach to find the culprit that's killing the honeybees. We're also trying to find out...

    Metagenomics, biomes, and dirt: separating good data from bad

    Sequencing the dirt: see how it's done

    Playing in the dirt: metagenomics on the JHU campus

    We have lots of DNA samples from bacteria that were isolated from dirt. Now it's time to our own metagenomics project and figure out what they are. Our class project is on a much smaller scale than the honeybee metagenomics project that I wrote about yesterday, but we're using many of the same principles....

    Making discoveries in the open: doing digital biology with the class

    Would you like to have some fun playing with chromatograms and helping our class identify bacteria in the dirt?...

    Fall bioinformatics class: welcome students!

    Welcome Bio256 students! This quarter, we're going to do some very cool things. We are going to use bioinformatics resources and tools to investigate some biological questions. My goal, is for you to remember that these resources exist and hopefully, be able to use them when you're out working in the biotech world. I don't believe that bioinformatics is a...

    How does a single nucleotide change make influenza virus resistant to a drug?

    Fun with molecular models!

    Digital Biology Friday: A helpful hint

    I began this series last week with a question about a DNA sequence that was published and reported to be one the first beta-lactamases to be found in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mike has a great post about one of problems with this paper. I think the data themselves are awfully suspicious....

    Grants for kids to study beetles

    Charles Darwin was so fascinated by beetles he paid people to help him build his collection. The Coleopterists Society and the Smithsonian Institute want to help kids explore the wonders of beetles, too. They're providing grants for kids, in grades 7-12 to work on beetle biology. Applications are due by November 15, 2007....

    Digital Biology Friday: You make the call!

    Developing "biological intuition" through case studies

    A visit to the galaxy zoo

    Amateur astronomers unite! The pros want your help! image from Astronomy Picture of the Day, Credit: NASA, ESA, A. Aloisi (STScI / ESA), Hubble Heritage (STScI / AURA) - ESA/Hubble Collaboration I learned about this from the Washington Science Teachers Assocation. Galaxy Zoo and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey are looking for your help in sorting out different galaxies. It's...

    Digital Biology Friday: More puzzling structures

    I've had some requests for some more molecular puzzles since the last one that I posted (see A DNA puzzle ). One person liked it so much he even blogged about it. So, here's one for you to chew on over the weekend. This puzzle is a variation of an activity in Exploring DNA Structure, a CD/lab book that I...

    Teaching with the new BLAST

    Some things I like, some were surprises.

    Updates to the BLAST for beginners tutorial

    BLAST has gotten harder.

    Using Bioinformatics to Study Evolution, intro

    An introduction to our Alaskan NSF Chautauqua course and a pre-course assignment. I don't know how well this will work, but I thought it might be interesting this year to experiment with blogging about our course and sharing some of our experiences with the rest of the world. Here's your chance readers, if you'd like to do some of the...

    Biotechnology Education in Viriginia

    Do you want to learn how to use some cool biotechnology and bioinformatics methods in your college or high school class? If you're on the East coast, the best place to go is the Fralin Biotechnology Conference at Virignia Tech, July 18-21st. (Yes, it's the same Virgina Tech, and that's why I waited to post this announcement). There's something for...

    Celebrate Darwin Day by writing an essay!

    Win cash or other prizes!

    DNA Day is on the way!

    Start writing those essays! You could win cash and a chance to work in a lab!

    Bioinformatics for biotech students: my favorite computer programs

    The bioinformatics classes that I teach use web services and web sites as much as possible, but I still find that it's helpful to have programs on our classroom computers. Here is a list of my favorite desktop programs for those of you who might want to add some bioinformatics activities to your biology courses....

    Snow Day!

    I was frantically getting ready for class when I happened to glance out the window. What did I see? Big fluffy white flakes rapidly falling from above. You can't say we weren't warned. The newspapers have been predicting snow since Monday. It's just, well, unusual. And Seattle is never prepared to deal with it. Even the kids aren't looking too...

    A Sunday with the Tardigrades

    Cute little tardigrades are great research subjects.

    Digital Biology Friday: Searching for synonyms

    In last week's episode, your assignment was to think of an interesting plant trait and find a description about a gene, related to that trait, by searching PubMed....

    Head, Shoulders, Knees, and Toes

    Why is an eye, an eye and a nose, a nose? Why do different cells create different kinds of tissues when all the cells in a single organism start out with the same set of instructions (aka DNA)?...

    Digital Biology Friday: Finding genes with PubMed

    Many of you might take this for granted, and I know it seems amazing today, but I when first started teaching, our access to scientific literature was pretty limited. I could go to the UW and use Grateful Med to search Medline, but we didn't have anything like it at my college and web browsers, like Mosaic, had yet to...

    Digital Biology Friday: Rainbows, Models, and DNA

    Today, we're going to look for rainbows in double-stranded DNA and see what they can tell us about DNA structure....

    Digital Biology Friday: Seeing in 3D with Cn3D

    Why do I love Cn3D? Let me count the ways. What does Cn3D do? (Hint: say "Cn3D" out loud). Seriously, Cn3D is a program that draws lovely pictures of molecular structures by using experimental data from techniques like X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Surprisingly (to some), and in contrast to many bioinformatics programs, Cn3D is really easy and...

    BLASTing through the kingdom of life

    No biology course is complete these days without learning how to do a BLAST search. Herein, I describe an assignment and an animated tutorial that teachers can readily adopt and use, and give teachers a hint for obtaining the password-protected answer key. Development of the tutorial and the activity were supported by funding from the National Science Foundation. This is...

    Using HIV to prove some points about evolution, part IV

    Did HIV become resistant to Atazanavir because of a genetic change? Was that genetic change inherited? Did HIV evolve? Can we explain why genetic changes at specific sites might help HIV escape the effects of the drug? Let's find out....

    Using HIV to prove some points about evolution, part III

    In which we see the results and come to our own conclusions. If you want to let other people tell you what's right and what's wrong, they will surely do so. Turn on the TV and hordes of happy actors bounce around, only too happy to help you purchase the right deodorant. Open your e-mail and everyone wants to share...

    Using HIV to prove some points about evolution, part II

    Let the experiment begin....

    Using HIV to prove some points about evolution, part I.

    When can a really bad virus be used to do something good? When we can use it to learn. The human immunodeficiency virus, cause of AIDS, scourge of countries, and recent focus of ScienceBlogs; like humans, evolves. As one of my fellow ScienceBloggers noted, few biological systems demonstrate evolution as clearly as HIV. In this series, I'm going to guide...

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