Eruptions

Quick hits to wrap up the week:

Looking into a skylight at Kilauea. Image taken July 8, 2010, courtesy of HVO/USGS.

Following up some news about Changbaishan/Changbai caldera in North Korea, Yang Qingfu, director of earthquake and volcano analysis and forecast center with the seismology bureau of northeast China’s Jilin Province, says that the volcano appears to be quiet and that there are no signs of an impending eruption – at least not in the next dozen years. The bigger news (in my mind) is that China will be installing full monitoring (gravity, deformation, electromagnetics, fluid monitor and seismic) to watch the caldera that last erupted in 1903.
I’ve been getting a number of emails and tweets about seismicity around our friend Katla over the last 24 hours. Again, I am no expert on seismicity at Katla, but most of of the current earthquakes are very shallow (1 km or less), small (most < M1) and really, only 14 in the past day. If you're looking for a signal of a reawakening Katla, we should expect increasing magnitudes, earthquakes starting at depth (10s of km) and working their way upwards, tens if not hundreds of earthquakes a day and volcanic tremors, all of which are missing right now. However, never hurts to keep an eye on Eyjafjallajökull bigger sibling.
In the “File Under Lets-Worry-About-It-Now” folder, many people are suddenly jumping at the chance to buy volcano-specific travel insurance after the massive flight disruptions caused by Eyjafjallajökull. Now, I am not one to criticize proper planning, but I also find it interesting that a threat that was always there suddenly seems like a “new” thing. I mean, most people don’t buy travel insurance for flights during hurricane season … but maybe I am wrong. However, the insurance companies must be happy (for now).
There are also especially nice views of the lava lake in the Haleuma`uma`u Crater at Kilauea from the HVO webcam. Apparently the lava lake has been surprisingly steady over the summer so far – but we’ll see how long that lasts.

Comments

#1 Jón Frímann
July 9, 2010

The cluster of earthquakes in the western part of Katla caldera is quite interesting. But it is too early to know if it means anything, as earthquakes are quite common in this area.
#2 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 9, 2010

I was just about ready to ask Lurking to do a nice plot of the Mýrdalsjökull (mind you, not the kettle) quakes.

That kettle does have a history of boiling when least expected and on short notice, but like you said, Erik, it’s not a real swarm, yet. I’m sure to follow how they develop, but as Jón said, EQs are common in that area – I’ve been waiting for a 48h lull that hasn’t happened this far.
#3 Raving
July 9, 2010

Am wondering about the linkage between Katla and Eyjafjallajökull, specifically:

- The heterogeneously episodic behavior of Eyjafjallajökull (including Fimmvörduháls)

- The correlated and coordinated pattern of alternated changes in ground displacement as measured by GPS across Iceland

- The correlation and coordination in tremor behavior across regions

- The nonlinear spreading and redistribution across the several parallel rifts.

It suggests to me that things are changing, that agent of change is at a wider scale than magmatic intrusion and/or plumes, that this flux of change causes the heterogeneously episodic behavior of Eyjafjallajökull’s eruptions and it’s coordinated linkage to eruption of Katla, that the agent of change correlates and coordinates the wide scale changes across Iceland

?
#4 Raving
July 9, 2010

Copied to the current topic

I would like to hear from any one that was on Iwo Jima.
S/Sgt. GW Rosson

Posted by: S/Sgt. GW Rosson | July 9, 2010 1:52 PM
http://scienceblogs.com/eruptions/2010/02/submarine_eruption_near_japan.php#comment-2645674
#5 leon
July 9, 2010

you can just see the plume on the porol cam looks bigger than earlier
#6 leon
July 9, 2010

i thought, that during the summer months the icecap on top moves slightly it causes slight minor quakes as the sun heats and katla norm erupts in autumn according to past history
#7 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 9, 2010

@leon –

The letter in the beginning of Þórólfsfelli is NOT a ‘P’. It’s a letter that got dropped out of the English alphabet a while ago, and it’s called ‘thorn’. If you want to transliterate it – that is, use an English alphabet equivivalent – that would be ‘Th’, which is a close pronunciation of ‘Þ’. In old English, the letter looked a bit different – that is why you see signs like ‘Ye Olde Shoppe’; those are poor imitations of the original thorn; the ‘Ye’ IS ‘The’ in modern language, and is pronounced likewise. Here’s more on that http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thorn_%28letter%29
#8 birdseyeUSA
July 9, 2010

@Raving, Hi – do you have a copy of G.R. Foulgar’s ‘Iceland and the North Atlantic igneous Province’ (MantlePlumes.org) Material, maybe, to be gleaned there for answers to part of you question, as it takes on the plume theory.
#9 birdseyeUSA
July 9, 2010

Im thinking I remember earlier caveats about material at mantleplumes, so bear that in mind….
#10 Lurking
July 9, 2010

@Kultsi, Askola, FI [2]

Still mulling that one over. (kettle?)

Meanwhile, after determining that Mýrdalsjökull is the glacier that I keep seeing in the vedur.is data, it dawned on me what it was I was supposed to be plotting. (it’s been a long week, sorry)

Plan View, last 5 days:

http://i28.tinypic.com/25rnu3q.png

For all, FL will likely be running a special on pre-greased mullet and redfish this year. Get it before it’s flammable!
#11 leon
July 9, 2010

@7 your such a dick you know that. does it matter
#12 Lurking
July 9, 2010

@leon [11]

Actually, I doubt very seriously that he is an extremity of that description.

The “Þ” = “th” vice “P” has been covered ad nauseum ever since the recent Iceland eruptions have been going on. It not that you are wrong, you are just knowledgeable about that part of the language. I didn’t fall into it since I usually just steal the spelling with cut-n-paste. One victim of the “Þ” issue actually found an obscure Icelandic site that used it with the incorrect transliteration, so it’s not that big of a deal once you are aware of the correct way of rendering it. Now, if you want transliteration nightmares… try Cyrillic. When I did reports years ago, I had to keep a cheat sheet handy just to render the names in something that would fit an English keyboard.

So no, he’s not that extremity… just possibly exasperated.
#13 Passerby
July 9, 2010

Lurking: I found it useful to overlay your plots onto the appropriate IMO EQ map.

>For all, FL will likely be running a special on pre-greased mullet and redfish this year. Get it before it’s flammable!

That would have been a likely remark made by your sockpuppet character, ‘Raving’.
#14 Lurking
July 9, 2010

Heh… Sockpuppet. No, not my sockpuppet, but I can’t state that he is not someone else’s sockpuppet.

Besides, better a sockpuppet than a happysock.
#15 Passerby
July 9, 2010

@13: I took your Grimsvotn plot from the other day and overlayed it onto the topo maps (IMO), which was useful, as it confirmed the EQ swarm alignment with the major fissure systems within the Vatnajakoll icecap area.

Similarly, the N-E trending EQs north of Mýrdalsjökull seems to indicate alignment with major fissures north of Katla.

Kultsi posted a useful http addy for IMO EQ maps by week/year. That was welcome, because many of us wondered at the historical patterns of miniquakes in the area.

Homo fecae, hetero deus. Would appear to indicate commonality of seasonal-warming trend patterns, as many of us suspected and Erik suggested, in his blog post header.
#16 Lurking
July 9, 2010

Well, if you want one skewed for a specific overlay, point me at it and I may be able to tweek the x/y scaling so you get a better fit.
#17 leon
July 9, 2010

ok i take it back i apologize to Kultsi but i did think he was picking hairs for moment ‘p’ but i am from England with English local accent
#18 Lurking
July 10, 2010

@leon [17]

No biggie, I come from a part of the US where a seven course meal is defined as a ‘possum and a six pack. When I originally came to Eruptions, it was because of the fissure event. I had no idea that I would learn about the Icelandic time capsule of the alphabet. English, the language, is a highly modified and adapted germanic derivative. A lot of our more fancy words came from France (Normans) while the more basic ones are closer to the original roots. (and the Normans were originally transplanted vikings who became latinized in their language) What makes English so prevalent is it’s adaptability… which can also be bad when it gets down to specific meanings that tend to change with time. An example is that “bundle of sticks” word which now has an exceptionally abrasive meaning here in the US as opposed to actually being a “bundle of sticks.”
#19 Passerby
July 10, 2010

Thanks for the offer, but I can snap the x-y coordinate systems to match with a bit of effort. I appreciate the plots.

You do know that I wasn’t criticizing you, when I made the somewhat sarcastic comment on longterm plots of EQ versus Rio activity last week, correct? I’ve been plotting data for about 30 years. I know what a moving average window is, and how it works – and doesn’t work so well.

When you are using a large moving average window over a period of months, with a dense data set, you build in ‘lag’ as a consequence of trailing numbers being weighted more heavily than leading numbers with each window progression, yielding an uneven averaging effect toward the end of the averaging period.

I tried dropping hints twice, my bad. I should have given you links. It’s a common issue with moving average trend analysis, and there are interesting alternative methods, derived from economic analysis. The StatSys program package website has a good discussion of these statistical methods. It’s a handy website to bookmark as a statistical reference guide.

Good-oh, Leon, for apologizing.
Isn’t Kultsi a ‘she’?
#20 Passerby
July 10, 2010

>An example is that “bundle of sticks” word which now has an exceptionally abrasive meaning here in the US as opposed to actually being a “bundle of sticks.”

??? I know it’s been a long day(week) here, but that blew right by me.
#21 Fireman
July 10, 2010

For your entertainment, some Icelandic pics. There’s even a volcano in some of them!

http://www.facebook.com/album.php?aid=2064028&id=1528659644&l=1787628b94

Let me know if the link works.

Thanks!
#22 mike don
July 10, 2010

Passerby: Can I echo your ??? ? Can’t think of anything at the moment (well it IS 0611 here) except maybe Fascism, whose original symbol was, indeed, a ‘bundle of sticks’ (with an axe)
#23 Kathryn, Australia
July 10, 2010

@ Fireman – Wow! link works – thanks for posting. Got any more?
@ Passerby and Mike Don…… wakey, wakey! Let us know when the penny drops
Hint: many years ago when our school choir toured the US, the choristers were told not to use the UK slang for a cigarette……..
#24 Lurking
July 10, 2010

@Passerby

Ref: the “bundle of sticks” thing. I shouldn’t have used that analogy. As you and others have clearly demonstrated, it was a poor choice. Kathryn, Australia is on the right track, and the Fasces as a bundle of rods with an axe is probably derived from the same root word… but this bundle was usually meant for sticks you would gather up to toss into a fire rather than a symbol of power or authority. Oddly the US dime had the Fasces on the obverse until 1946 when it they made it into a torch. Must have been due to that fascism relationship.

So… in the meantime, just mark this as an obscure reference that should be dropped.

Hey, look! A graph!

http://i26.tinypic.com/dos1h2.png

Pac NW, View North 2010 quakes from the earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsus/Maps/US10/42.52.-130.-120.php listing.
#25 Lurking
July 10, 2010

Actually, that graph is backwards and mislabeled. The view is actually South.

Here’s the North looking view.

http://i27.tinypic.com/vep2x2.png
#26 mike lyvers
July 10, 2010

I really wish the little lava pond in Halemaumau would emerge from its hole and spread around the crater to return to its former pre-1924 glory. The way Mark Twain saw it, when it was a wonder of the world.
#27 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 10, 2010

@Passerby [19] -
Swinging there the last time I checked…

@Kathryn [23] -
That word would have been very badly received indeed, as badly as a reference to someone’s merry lifestyle.
#28 Lurking
July 10, 2010

Well, it wasn’t intended as such. I did a two hour stint hunched over a laptop motherboard and 5 hours of road time. It was about the only changing word definition that came to mind. I’ve always been amused at that one since the meanings are so far apart. It’s almost unfathomable how the definitions can be connected.

A better definition morph world be “gaff” or “gaffer”

A gaff hook is used to retrieve a line, impale something with a hook, or to make a verbal mistake. A gaffer has multiple meanings, including an electrician on a movie set or someone who hand forms glass.

The gaff hook is a nautical variation on a pike pole, which was used by pikemen… and a pike is also road… or a type fish.
#29 Carl
July 10, 2010

@Kultsi:
Oh my, swinging in the britches:)

@Diane in the former thread:
Thanks for the explanation of Eriks rootless barbarians!

@At all:
Gotta love the swarm at Herðubreiðartögl, I have wet dreams about hearing american news-anchors trying to pronounce that if Herðubreið erupts. Strange place really for a swarm, I would have expected that in Askja and not in Herðubreið.
Perhaps Lurking could do a plot for Herðubreiðartögl and Askha area, if I am not imagining things there have been quakes on and off there for a couple of weeks.

@Passerby and Lurking:
I am starting to be jelous, I want to know who is my Sockpuppet, or do I have a sock in my puppy, or…? Questions questions:)
#30 Carl
July 10, 2010

And here is something for those of you who are not familiar with the Herðubreið and Herðubreiðartögl volcanic system in relation to Askja and Kverkfjöll.

http://notendur.hi.is/heidi/Stuff/herdu06report.pdf
#31 Fireman
July 10, 2010

Lurking… “The gaff hook is a nautical variation on a pike pole, which was used by pikemen…”

And is still used every day by firefighters:

http://www.gomed-tech.com/catalog/nupla-pike-pole-with-d-grip.htm
#32 parclair, NoCal USA
July 10, 2010

I didn’t understand the “sticks” ref either, but I went to my trusty urban slang dictionary:

http://www.urbandictionary.com/

My fave is the b-word in the Queen’s English. Back in the 70s I was on a train, discussing the differences in language between Murikan and True English, and when we got to the B-word, the couple, parents, asked us to not use the word. It also ended the conversation. Heh.
#33 Lurking
July 10, 2010

@Carl, nice article. It also highlights a common human trait, something we can all share.

“As the weather was turning cold during the pick-up trip and it had to be done relatively quickly, no downloading was done in the field, but was done at the first opportunity in the lab of the Science Institute in Reykjavík.”

Nothing like scampering around in rough terrain trying to get your stuff when the weather is getting bad and your freezing your arse off.
#34 parclair, NoCal USA
July 10, 2010

There’s an interesting article in Science Daily about the nature of ‘sticking and slipping” in the two Indonesian earthquakes (2004, 2005) and what affects the the length of the slip in subduction faults. Excellent theory with great predictions.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/07/100708141535.htm
#35 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 10, 2010

@parclair [32] -
You lost me here – there are close to one hunnert thousand b-words in the Urban Dictionary, and I cannot for the life of me think of a very bad one. The one for a female dog is about the most common, but I don’t know any differences in meaning on different sides of the Pond for that.
#36 parclair, NoCal USA
July 10, 2010

@ kultsi, The word is a swear word in British English and begins blo***. I always get trapped in these conversations, I don’t know why. Once, during a viewing of Goldfinger, I tried to explain the why the character Pussy Galore was so funny. Heh. No more questions, please. ;-?
#37 Fireman
July 10, 2010

@ Kultsi… I wonder if the b-word could be ‘bugger’? Which, to someone who has now spent a lot of time in the USA, is a peculiar usage. The literal meaning (archaic and seldom used) is ‘to engage in anal sex’, but it’s a very common everyday expression in British english:

‘it’s raining – well that’s buggered our plans to paint the house’.

‘well I’m buggered!’ – as an expression of surprise.

‘that little bugger next door broke our window with his football!’

‘I dropped a brick on my foot; it hurts like buggery’.

Very common expressions and very English; would sound very peculiar in American English , replacing ‘buggered’ with ‘sodomized’ – which would be the literal equivalent!
#38 Fireman
July 10, 2010

Bloody? That word has slipped down the scale of seriousness in swear words in the last half century or so; it would be considered pretty mild these days, although perhaps slightly… lower-class? and maybe offensive to the ears of those with pretensions! It’s very freely used, on TV too.

The words considered truly offensive in relatively polite circles in the UK are the same as in the USA these days, especially the ‘f’ and ‘c’ words. Although ‘f’ might be freely used between friends, it shouldn’t be with strangers.
#39 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 10, 2010

Hi everyone,
Well, I see that the weather is back to normal at Eyja.Anybody who can see a plume must be using a Crystal Ball.
Talking of crystal balls,it’s got a bit “biological” on here recently ?? Have to lift the tone above the waist line Folks..
@#29 Hi Carl,
I have been keeping an eye on Herðubreið since mid April this year.It’s not the first time that there has been a small swarm there.Who knows but it’s been a damn long time since “she” erupted.
#40 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 10, 2010

@those trying to help me w. swearing properly -
I once had a conversation with a Briton on the merits of pronouncing the name of a German philosopher correctly; his given name was Immanuel. The proper pronunciation is something I won’t use outside the reference to said philosopher.

Otherwise, we Finns find the swearing among the English speakers lacking in force and being tame. Maybe that’s because we don’t get it – which is not a bad thing; much less bruising.

Fireman, my thought of your last example of buggin’ things was, “Hmmm… Is that from personal experience? Must be bad if it hurts as much as dropping a brick on your foot.” Well, that was just a train of thought on the side rail; I get the idea about the usage.
#41 Passerby
July 10, 2010

Carl’s article citation was a mere technical warm-up to a much better article:

Lower-crustal earthquakes caused by magma movement beneath Askja volcano on the north Iceland. (2009).
http://www.springerlink.com/content/wk7h583281766611/

and, not surprisingly, since the g-god Einarsson had his hand in the pot, it leads to a truly masterful article:

The fissure swarm of the Askja volcanic system along the divergent plate boundary of N Iceland. (also 2009)
http://www.springerlink.com/content/q3p23lj648k8x277/

It provides an explanation for much of the seismicity observed, in the Triple Junction (North American, Eurasian plates and Hreppar microplate).

Most of you can’t access these papers, so you can’t get from ‘there to here’ conceptually. Instead, we’ll turn to the MS thesis of the lead author, a co-production of Einarsson and geological wizard, Harald Sigurdsson, that thankfully open-access.

You get all the tender goodness of that last paper, with the full bells and whistles seismic background and process explanations, plus a full reference base.

The fissure swarm of the Askja central volcano. AR Hjartardóttir (2008), 125 pp.
http://www.raunvis.hi.is/~astahj/MSritgerd_ARH.pdf

Now ain’t that just ducky?? We have here, the ne plus ultra of explanations for the EQ patterns we see above Vatnajakoll, near Askja and Kverkfjöll.

Thanks Harald and Pall! You guys rock!
#42 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 10, 2010

@Passerby -
Don’t we tip the hat at Ásta Rut? It’s her paper, after all.
#43 Passerby
July 10, 2010

Yes of course! But this is a master’s thesis, with all of the underpinnings and content style that are typical of Pall and Harald’s technical thoroughness and vast knowledge base. The late Guðmundur E. Sigvaldason, professor emeritus and former director of the Volcanic Institute, also supervised this student.
#44 mike don
July 10, 2010

Kultsi 36: In respect of the differences between American and British usage, can I cite the Austin Powers film, “The Spy Who Shagged Me”? Title had ‘em rolling in the aisles in UK, but clearly didn’t have exactly the same meaning in the US, or the corporate suits at the film company would have had conniptions )
#45 Passerby
July 10, 2010

The paper we want to read is the third paper by ARH (cited above), but the thesis lays much of the explanatory groundwork needed to understand the shallow tectonic (fissure intrusions) and deep magmetic processes.

Unfortunately, hardcore chemistry, non-medical biology and especially geology along with engineering technical journals have few electronic open-access papers posted.
#46 Passerby
July 10, 2010

Do read Parclair’s link at ScienceDaily. The paper is:

Contrasting Décollement and Prism Properties over the Sumatra 2004–2005 Earthquake Rupture Boundary. Dean et al. July 9 2010. 329:207-10. DOI: 10.1126/science.1189373

http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/329/5988/207

The article graphics and supplementary mat’l are open access.
#47 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 10, 2010

@mike don [44] –
I’m in a position to get it from both directions; the vast majority is from the US, but that does not mean that I don’t get the UK idiom, too, like the title of that film – at least occasionally.
#48 Renato I Silveira (Rialto Rio)
July 10, 2010

@Diane, N CA (in former thread): This is Rialto, from Rio. Please you don’t have to apologize: I change names all the time here. I tried to keep it as a nickname, but our fellow bloggers rejected the idea.
BTW I’ve been watching the film “Devil at 4 o’ clock” on TV (Spencer Tracy and Frank Sinatra) and I remembered you saying you liked such films when you have a cold. I had seen it when I was a kid, but it proved to be better than I thought. If you haven’t seen it, keep it as a hint to the next time you catch a cold (God forbid). I’ll leave the comments for later, don’t want to spoil the experience.
@everyone: If that isn’t a steam plume on Eyjaf’s slope, what is it then?
http://www.simnet.is/jonfr500/earthquake/vefmyndeyjafjalmulaen.html
#49 Reynir, NK, .is
July 10, 2010

Just done snarfing all these articles – odd but nice that Iceland Telecom subscribes to Springer’s for all of its users.

You’re not the only ones keeping an eye on the area north of Vatnajökull. Mum says that the last time she was in the area (quite a few years back), she could feel the tension in the ground. Got me wondering if electric or other fields vary a lot in EQ zones.
#50 Renato I Silveira
July 10, 2010

@Reynir, NK
Your mother’s words reminded me of the film I mentioned above, when Spencer Tracy’s character (a priest) says: “I can feel the devil under my feet.”
Magma is kind of “devilish” indeed.
#51 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 10, 2010

@Renato – I call them clouds; they are steam, too, but not of volcanic origin.

@Reynir – subconscious reading of the terrain & sensitivity to micro tremors, I’d say. Some are good at witching wells; my attempt at that resulted in us getting a really good well where others said ‘no way!’ I just looked at the lay of the land and told the back hoe guy: dig here – and at one meter he hit the bedrock; 15 meters of borehole brought water and 25 meters made a good well. Ten meters from the well we had gone four meters deeper with no sign of bedrock; that’s where we built our house.
#52 Passerby
July 10, 2010

Reynir: read
Iceland Consortia for Electronic Access.
http://www.hvar.is/sida.php?id=154

I hereby formally request honorary appointment as scientist- citizen of Iceland.
#53 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 10, 2010

@#52 Hi Reynir,
I too formally request honorary Icelandic Citizenship and Acting Role as Scientist (Makes for a much broader scope of which type).
#54 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 10, 2010

@#48 Hi Renato,
Umm,i’ve been watching the cams on and off for a few hours now and it’s very hard to tell.If I was forced into a corner I would have to say “Yes,there is still activity at Eyja”.
#55 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 10, 2010

And two small swarms,Grimsey and Herðubreið.The four at Herðubreið were on top of each other in the space of fifty minutes.
#56 Renato I Silveira
July 10, 2010

@Kultsi @Adrian #51-#54 Hi there! I’m stuck to this computer for days trying to finish a paper due to next Tuesday, but every now and then I switch to Eruptions blog and, of course to Eyjaf’s webcams. I’m addressing to you guys who were “present” to Friday’s activity and I believe, and maybe I’m totally wrong, that the event was a bit underestimated.
I buy Kultsi’s theory of cracks opening under the lake, and I think that it’s still happening, sporadically though, even if the weather is not helping observation. At the moment I posted my comment on a “steam plume on the left slope” the weather was fair enough to tell steam weather clouds from volcanic activity, i.e. steaming from the cracks. Now it’s gone. But at that instant you could really see a puff. And I think there are still more to come, weather permitting.
On Friday I saw snowflake-like particles hitting the lens of Hvolsvöllur cam, which couldn’t be snow and I explained them as being light ash, emitted or carried by the plume, which was, then, turning from white to gray. But as I said, I can be wrong. And yes, I saw a blast too. As for the “lightning, I admit it could have been a flickering of the image, but there was a clear moment when the crater rim burst into steam (on Friday). Anyway I’m grateful to have shared that special moment with you guys and others that are to come.
#57 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 10, 2010

@#56 Hi Renato,
Yesterday was a good day,the best for some time.I think that we all agree that Eyja has not finished yet,whatever it be.
The shot from Mulakot at present is not “convection cloud”.It’s steam being blown over the ridge,then upward.
#58 Reynir, NK, .is
July 10, 2010

I think I’d enjoy hvar.is even more, were it not for how much I have forgotten since school. I really feel like an old fart at times.
#59 Henrik, Swe
July 10, 2010

Evenin’ all!

She’s still steaming albeit not as much as a couple of days ago (Thorolfsfelli cam). To my lay mind, that must mean magma is still (moving) close to the surface. The reason there is no eruption at present is because a) there is no magma pushing up from deep below, and b) all available old magma sitting in the piping that could be revitalised, has been revitalised. Here endeth today’s lesson in how to state the glaringly obvious.

PS. The eq activity of the past week or so E-ENE of Lady E seems to be centered on the Godabunga area where there is a substantial body of magma sitting since 1999(?) about 1½ km down. So where do you place your eBeer? Nothing more, renewed eruption at the main crater or an eruption at Godabunga?
#60 Dasnowskier
July 10, 2010

Lady-E is DONE. Maybe she will roll over in bed but she sleeps the long sleep. Katla = Baaa humbug no big deal.
Look at the rest of the world for action.
Where will the next VEI 3+ come from is the question. Lady – e I doubt it….
#61 Reynir, NK, .is
July 10, 2010

@Dasnowskier: They said the same back in the 1820s, too. Ya gorra wait for at least three and preferrably six months before stating that an eruption is over.
#62 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 10, 2010

@#61 Reynir,
Well said that Icelander !
#63 thor
July 10, 2010

Eyjafjöll is known for its on/of Eruptions, she usually rests in between her eruptions,I dont trust its over yet..
They said it was over in 1820s also, but she took them by surprice.
there is still Hot Molten rock in Fimvorurhals, and same is belived under Eyjafjöll, so even tough it seems calm, it just might be brewing deep down there still..
A sleeping/dormant Volcano is always a possible bomb,even after 1000 years…
and Eyjafjöll well its only a few weeks since her last eruption and we should not state or even belive that its over.
Btw remember that Katla usually have an eruption between 6 months and a year after eyjafjatlajökutl. so dont push that eruption aside either, it just might go boom with out giving any real signs….
#64 leon
July 10, 2010

Hi, to me now looking on the Mila web cams lady E reminds me how she looked in may. steam increase then eruption follows
#65 Dasnowskier
July 10, 2010

I still think she’s done for this eruption. Maybe a VEI 1 burst …IE rolling over in bed but, I think all significant eruptive activity is done.
Past Katla eruptions near Eyjaf were coincidence. At this time I have seen nothing to make me think Katla might go. If Katla starts to rumble before say, 1 year after the start of this eruption then I will change my tune. But now that we have monitoring devices… if the quakes do not come from the direction of Eyjaf then I will still not be convinced of a relationship. Katla erupts much more often than Eyjaf.
#66 leon
July 10, 2010

@65 katla followed after the last three eruption at Eyjaf and was explosive on each time i also think there is link deep underneath that we cant see i might be wrong on link part and katla is know to erupt within months of lady E
#67 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 10, 2010

@#64 Hi Leon,
It’s not a bad view on Thoro cam at the ‘mo but try Mulakot:great view as the plume is in profile.
#68 Dasnowskier
July 10, 2010

I only see clouds on Mila.
#69 Dasnowskier
July 10, 2010

Mulakot is mostly weather related as well. Topography is the major cause of those clouds
#70 Lurking
July 10, 2010

@Dasnowskier

“… Katla = Baaa humbug no big deal.
Look at the rest of the world for action.”

Yup… all done, not a threat, nothing to see here.

Keep thinking that. By now it is VIRTUALLY IMPOSSIBLE that anything could ever happen over at Katla.

Oh, BTW, you happen to take a gander at the quakes that have occurred in July?

http://i29.tinypic.com/zsvorm.png

Funny… doesn’t look like a peaceful sleep. It’s not a sign of a pending eruption, but it clearly indicates that there is no rest for the wicked.
#71 leon
July 10, 2010

@67 cheers Adrian having the same feeling as i did back in may with steam plume then eruption but i could be wrong keep thinking she could split open to the side and all that water in the crater gushing out on ‘p’ cam not like i want that to happen of course watching the cam to much i think
#72 leon
July 10, 2010

@68 look closer
#73 Dasnowskier
July 10, 2010

@Lurking
“By now it is VIRTUALLY IMPOSSIBLE that anything could ever happen over at Katla.” These are not my words. Improbable is closer to my thinking. I never say or think impossible with a volcano (Chaiten).
Virtually impossible and I would build a house on the summit, if it was sold ground LOL.
I do however see the interest is Scientifically proving the relationship between Eyjaf causing Katla to blow. That would be neat, however I do not think it is so.
I hope I am wrong ..or actually I hope I am right. Who needs the massive economic disruption Katla might cause to Europe.
GO Netherlands
#74 Lurking
July 10, 2010

Well… Eyj was beginning to become a geo-tourism thing. So that helped… a bit. It’s farm more interesting to gaze at an erupting volcano rather than stare at a tarball or a flailing pelican…
#75 leon
July 10, 2010

@65 you say katla erupts more than lady E true but katla does not cause lady E to erupt. lady E cause Katla to erupt, a trigger or connection and one thing in life that i learned was never say never
#76 birdseyeUSA
July 10, 2010

…from the newer thread…A few mid-June pics I hadn’t seen before of glacier & crater lake at http://www.earthice.hi.is/Apps/WebObjects/HI.woa/wa/dp?pictureID=1016451&id=1027696
#77 leon
July 10, 2010

last eruption at lady E before 2010 happen back in on the 19th December 1821 to January 1st 1823 Katla erupted on june 26th 1823 to July 23rd 1823 almost seven months later, going back to 1612 lady E erupts no given days date with Katla erupting on October 23rd 1612 and again going back to 920AD lady E erupts and Katla again follows in 920AD All happens in the same year as lady E sleeps katla wakes up
http://www.volcano.is.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1702-02=
#78 birdseyeUSA
July 10, 2010

@ 21 Fireman -I’m slow to catch up – Nice Photos!! You did get there – I wasn’t sure – how was it to be there? Thanks for posting the link.
#79 Passerby
July 10, 2010

After seeing the hardship of the ultrafine ash and gases to area farmers in May and early June, and more recently ‘ash storms’ kicked up by convection and storms that are redepositing this erosive material, it is perhaps best to be prosaic in the Mediterranean way.

We have seen many marvelous sights during Eyjaf’s eruption this Spring – first at the picturesque Fimvorurhals lava fountains and then later at the crater, in a powerful and at times, achingly beautiful, lightning-colored night-sky column display of Sturm und Drang.

Iceland has been most gracious in allowing so many from so far away, to play voyeur. We are pleased and grateful with all that we have learned here, much of it provided by IES and IMO. Thank-you!
#80 Lurking
July 10, 2010

@leon

I don’t think that is an accurate assessment. It’s that correlation not equaling causation thing. Katla erupts on average, about 64.5 years, with an SD of 48.3 years. In a nutshell, that means that about 64% of the time, Katla will erupt within 16 to 112 years since it’s previous eruption.

For Eyjafjallajökull, the average is 423.6 years and a range of 177 to 669 years. (245.9 yr SD) It is almost impossible for Eyj to go off and not have a Katla eruption pop up within just a few years. Why? Simple, No matter when Eyj goes off, 2/3rds of the time Katla is either going into or is already at an eruptive phase.

Could it be possible? Definitely. Is it proved? No.

In 540, Eyj Erupted. Katla had already erupted about 10 years prior. In 590 Katla went off again.

In 920, Eyj Erupted. Katla had already erupted in 904, but went off at the same time (920)

In 1612, Eyj Erupted. Katla had last erupted in 1580, 32 years earlier. So, it erupted in 1612, and in 1636, and 1693, and 1721.

In 1821, Eyj Erupted. Katla went off two years later in 1823, and again in 1860, 1918 …

Katla tends to erupt on it’s own schedule no matter what Eyj does. Can there be a connection? Well, that’s why they are always trying to figure the piping out underneath the two.
#81 Lurking
July 10, 2010

Let’s put it a different way. While “Lady” E may take a while to get around to doing her thing, all Katla needs is a beer and your good to go.
#82 Renato I Silveira
July 10, 2010

Hey there! She’s back again. Look at the plume?
Ok, just coughing a bit. But she’s beautiful doing so! And I agree with @passerby: thanks for Iceland and Icelanders, Mila, IMO and all!
#83 Renato I Silveira
July 10, 2010

@leon @lurking I tend to agree with that – Katla is a “more often” volcano, whereas Eyjafjjöl keeps her secrets to the very special generations…
But then why, at the very beginning, most volcanologists put a Katla’s eruption into question? And why are we still speculating on this? And Lurking, I’m sorry, but you are the first one to tease us with your graphs, who keeps our fantasies going. (to whom I am most grateful!)
#84 Renato I Silveira
July 10, 2010

@Kultsi, where are you? I’ll keep an image from Þórólfsfell cam for you. Is that some sort of “Icelandic cloud formation”? LOL
#85 Passerby
July 10, 2010

It’s 4:30am, Sunday morning in Finland. Kultsi is in bed.
Shhhhh.

Go back to your paper.
#86 Renato I Silveira
July 10, 2010

@passerby! I’ve been working on it since 9 in the morning, so, its time for hallucinations…
Here we go: Lady E is behaving pretty much like she did on Friday morning. Only the weather is not collaborating. But my theory is: there’s a crack, lava is still hot in the crack, lake spills and she goes puff, carries ashes mixed in steam droplets, plume cools down, and splashes back to the rim. Like a counterfeit of a plinian ash-column break.
Uh?
Ok, Rialto, back to your paper.
#87 Dasnowskier
July 10, 2010

All I see on any of the cams is clouds. Maybe enhanced by the hot crater lake but just clouds.
#88 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 10, 2010

@Renato -
I’m here, now. Just to be on the same page, you are prolly talking about the cloud about a kilometer up Gigjökull from the split rock. That is not one of the clouds that appear from thin air, that’s steam from the end of the lava travel, or close to it. Easy to spot, as the source is stationary and even puffs from time to time. It does that whenever there is enough water for it to steam.

As to the source of the water, I cannot tell. It could be from the crater lake, but most of that seems to get boiled away close to the crater, on the upper part of Gigjökull. It could very well be from the lava canyon walls, which are ice mostly and it’s summer.
#89 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 10, 2010

@Renato -
If you put the crack into the lake, you don’t need the collapsing column: water flows into the crack, heats up for a while and boils out in a gush of steam, taking water on top with it to splash over the rim. Geysir action, IOW.
#90 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 10, 2010

A nice steam plume visible on both Múlakot and Hvolsvöllur cams.
#91 Renato I Silveira
July 10, 2010

#90 @Kultsi, I hope I didn’t bring you out from Queen Mabe’s brest! Yes, it keeps splashing over and over. Not a South American- Carmen Miranda-Chaiten way; no. She’s polite, Nordic Garbo style. Even when she burps she’s chic. That’s what fascinates me about this volcano.
#92 Raving
July 10, 2010

@Passerby (#20) Ever eaten prairie oysters?

Homo fecae, hetero deus.

An example is that “bundle of sticks” word which now has an exceptionally abrasive meaning here in the US as opposed to actually being a “bundle of sticks.”

??? I know it’s been a long day(week) here, but that blew right by me.

Posted by: Passerby | July 10, 2010 12:31 AM

http://tinyurl.com/35husre
#93 Renato I Silveira
July 10, 2010

@Passerby Yam! Thankfully it was not “maggots”. They don’t go well with oysters… >;)
#94 Renato I Silveira
July 10, 2010

Just picked that from Wikipedia:
“In June 2010, Volcano expert Hazel Rymer said seismic activity was increasing as Askja and that an eruption could be around the corner. It was ruled out that any activity from Eyjafjallajökull was responsible for the increase in activity at Askja. The news came as scientists continue to watch Katla.”
Judging from ongoing activity looks like it’s pretty much around the corner…
#95 Raving @ Renato
July 10, 2010

A maggot played upon fagotti can be rather pleasant.

http://tinyurl.com/2vpndzc
#96 Raving @Lurking
July 11, 2010

I’ve printed out a copy of Foulgar’s paper and will read it presently. Maybe it will register better on paper. Thanks for the suggestion.
#97 Raving @Lurking AND looking @birdseye
July 11, 2010

And now for the shipping forecast …

|-I
#98 Renato@Raving
July 11, 2010

Definitely rather more pleasant than oyster maggot broth.
#99 Renato I Silveira
July 11, 2010

Gorgeous effect of sunlight on the plume. frá Hvólsvélli.
#100 Renato I Silveira
July 11, 2010

I think the sun is rising right behind the steam plume. Amazing!
Bring the fagotti and lets hear a piece from Purcell.
#101 Lurking
July 11, 2010

Askja… perspective view looking North West. July Quakes

http://i29.tinypic.com/19knr7.png
#102 Henrik, Swe
July 11, 2010

When will we, if ever, have another eruption as spectacular, magnificent and covering most of of the spectrum of volcanic expression?

First, the intense earthquake activity (feb-march) beginning not long after Erik had put up a topic “Rocking on the Reykjanes Ridge”, which kept us all in suspense – “will she, won’t she” – and speculation as to when, where, how.

Then, after what seemed an eternity to an expectant community, the marvellous live broadcasts of the Fimmvörduhalsi Hawaiian to Peléan fountains, lava flows and phreatic explosions.

Finally, the main show – Surtseyan, Strombolian, Vulcanian to almost sub-Plinian with jökulhlaups, ashfall, closed airspace and what looked very much like pyroclastic flows as well (April 17th).

The 2010 eruption of the volcano underneath Eyjafjallajökull – Icelanders, could we please have a proper name, she thoroughly deserves one this most beautiful of all your volcanoes – can also be claimed to be the first (ad hoc) on-line workshop in volcanology that taught hundreds, if not thousands, of ignoramii such as myself the rudiments of volcanology and knit a community truly global in scope. Both Dr Klemetti and Dr Behncke have summed it up as a “once in a lifetime eruption”. Now that it is seemingly over, deep down I think we all hope for a twist in the tale because we do not wish it to be so.
#103 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 11, 2010

Heh. They are having picnic on the Gigjökull end moraine: four cars already, and one seems to be a bus.
#104 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 11, 2010

@#102 Hi Henrik,
May I say,Bravo,for such a eloquently written and succint post. Your last three lines have put into words what should have been said around the third week of May when the main eruption died down.I sincerely believe that there will be “a twist in the tail”.
Re your post #59,I read it last night with a slowly expanding grin on my face. Your theory of the “revitalising magma” certainly holds water.And yes,it is “glaringly obvious,chuckles.
I won’t take you up on the e-beer just yet as I am quite undecided at the moment.May’be if the main crater re-activates in a big way,then we could have a bottle of e-champange and share it with everyone.
P.S. Always thinking about the Icelandic farmers though.
#105 Renato I Silveira
July 11, 2010

Good morning everyone!
Before I go back to my paper I would like to join the toast to Henrik and his wonderful speech and to thank Lurking for his new graph.
Lurking, I was trying to figure out the other volcanoes around Askja and I think they should show on your map, do you think it’s worth it? I mean Herðubreið (litle further NE) and Kverkfjöll (to the South, under Vatnajökull),as it seems to me they are pretty much involved on this event. Or?…
#106 Renato I Silveira
July 11, 2010

@102 @Henrik
And we must be thankful to the fact that, except for a couple of poor lost tourists,and perhaps some livestock, there were no casualties from Eyjaf’s eruption. As for the farmers, I remember watching an interview made by a Brazilian journalist who went there where the ash fall was more intense, and the farmer said with a smile “- We Icelanders are used to our volcanoes. We love them!”
#107 Renato I Silveira
July 11, 2010

#106 As for the air traffic disruption, oh well, I think the world needed something like that to stop and reflect a bit.
#108 leon
July 11, 2010

@80 lurking i agree katla erupts at different times, but i was on about when lady E erupts katla tends to follow months later. what i was thinking was the eruption explosion from E causes energy to spread out and makes katla become more active and because the magma chamber for katla is deeper down and lot bigger so its a lot longer to erupt.but what i just written is just a theory!going back in April 2010 media was very quick speculate to say katla will follow.im just gone sit back keep checking the web cam and wait,and go with @83 Renato on this one. more links here if your intrested. http://geology.rockbandit.net/2010/04/…viabrian/
http://michaelix.livejournal.com/
#109 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 11, 2010

Herðubreið – that’s North of Vatnajökull and NE of Askja – keeps shaking. Nothing very powerfull, but persistent, at about 7 km in depth; about 50 EQs in the last 48 hours. Neither is that something new, ’cause swarms in that location have been seen before.

Like Carl, I’d like to hear a news anchor trying to pronounce Herðubreiðartögl – which is actually easier than Eyjafjallajökull.
#110 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 11, 2010

@#109 Hi Kultsi,
Herðubreið..yes,i’m keeping an eye on that area.The swarms are sporadic but increase in intensity each time.They also seem to be on a Nne/Ssw line in general but they are very close to the North Atlantic Ridge so perhaps hardly suprising.
#111 Passerby
July 11, 2010

@Lurking, #101: check your Askja coordinates. Something doesn’t look right with that plot.
#112 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 11, 2010

Plus the fact that the IMO’s helicorder for Askja has been down,and out,since,I think,the end of June.Makes me wonder how much damage it sustained as it went “off-line” after a particularly violent bout of activity !
#113 Lurking
July 11, 2010

@Passerby

Dunno, here is the Askja data from the plot and the source that I used.

65.03 16.75 1.516 – Dplot
65.03°N 16.75°W 1516m – http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1703-06=

Now there are a second set of coords also listed: 65°2’0″N – 16°45’0″W. I went with the first set.

It is a rather large set of nested calderas, and this is the listed summit… which is probably the just the highest peak in the area. I have the same issue with my Katla plots… the point that I label is just the one that shows up at that site… even though the actual caldera is sizable.

Here is a plan view of that same graph with the surface turned off. The outlined triangles are other volcano peaks/features/items appearing in the http://www.volcano.si.edu list.

http://i26.tinypic.com/nlwsgh.png
#114 Lurking
July 11, 2010

@leon:

That’s sort of my point. It’s almost impossible for Eyj to erupt and not have Katla erupt. That’s what Katla does, and it does it with such frequency that the correlation has little meaning. It’s similar to matador walking into ring and waving a red flag. The color of the flag really doesn’t matter, the bull is going to charge anyway. Just like poking a hornets nest with an oak rather than maple stick. (just make sure you are ready to run)

Part of the problem is that a lot of media sources will trot out whatever show pony that will garnish them the most viewers… and viewers crave excitement, danger and sex. (at least according to the formula) Witness the Yellowstone coverage every time there is a significant swarm.

@Renato I Silveira

Actually, the other volcanoes were int that plot but they were obscured since I had a terrain layer turned on. You can see them as the outlined triangles in the following plots.. which use the same data. There may still be an issue with the actual location of Askja, but until I get a better source, I’m keeping the one I had. (as noted above)

NOTE: the depth of these plots is large.. upwards of 2 degrees. (thickness of the cross section)

View North:

http://i30.tinypic.com/15x21k.png

View East:

http://i29.tinypic.com/2vju8hf.png
#115 Passerby
July 11, 2010

Did you grab a copy of the MS thesis I posted yesterday on the Askja dike swarms? Pages 23 and 25 have the figures we want.

I would take your last plot and overlay it onto a window image grab (I use WinSnap).
#116 Lurking
July 11, 2010

I grabbed a thesis… there were several links and I wasn’t sure which one was the targeted one. I have the one that points out that one of the authors is tromping around a pit crater with a red rucksack. He was labeled as predominantly as the interface of the shield lava and the hyaloclastite and I wouldn’t have seen him with out the label. I don’t think it’s the one you are refering to since pg 23 and 24 are talking about the “Krafla Fires” (MSritgerd_ARH.pdf)
#117 Passerby
July 11, 2010

Google search, ‘The Fissure Swarm of the Askja Central Volcano’.

When in doubt, I’d go with the IES topology for Askja, given the variation in reported coordinates.

Your plot lines up beautifully with the fissure map graphic with EQ 1998-2006, page 25.
#118 Lurking
July 11, 2010

Evidently, this is the correct document. I used the page numbering of Adobe rather than the one on the page.

A first try at wrangling the data onto a background image from Figure 12 page 25 looks… sort of promising, but likely contains some error. Note the tick mark in the lower left corner, that is 17°W and does not line up exactly with the plot’s 17°W.

Do note that this is a “tight shot” which is zoomed in quite a bit.

This plot uses the same data set as the previous ones and has not been updated to “right now”

http://i29.tinypic.com/k12xbr.png

Anyway, I have to go pick up a bushel of corn. Be out later.
#119 Lurking
July 11, 2010

Scrap my plot. It’s WAAAAAAY off on the vertical scale.
#120 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 11, 2010

Just a minor aberration Lurking.
Eyja now has a good head of steam,now showing,on Thoro Cam.
#121 Lurking
July 11, 2010

Better version, still off by a couple of minutes… but much closer.

http://i25.tinypic.com/9fxwus.png
#122 Reynir, NK, .is
July 11, 2010

@Raving [97] – Ya forgot the most important part! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dFdas-kMF74
#123 Adrian,Dorset, UK
July 11, 2010

Avast me hearty.It’s Ye Olde BBC Shipping Forecast Theme !

@#121 Lurking,Hi,
Pretty well confirms what I thought.Good old Herðubreið wins the prize.
#124 Alyson
July 11, 2010

She’s showing a good head of steam this evening and I think is still affecting the weather across the UK. We still have ‘chugging’ lines of clouds like steam train puffs across the sky, though the map shows no concentrations of ash in the air. (I think the link showing ash concentrations is: ‘conccol_VO_1_.mht’) And we are enjoying a lovely heatwave.
I also wonder whether the potentially explosive link to Katla may be part of the water system which is still feeding Lady Eyaf? Where is the water feeding in from? Is it seawater or a deep freshwater source, or is it all from the glacier?
#125 Dasnowskier
July 11, 2010

Finally a non-weather enhanced view of the steam plume.
Looks like 2 centers of activity. Vigorous as well
However I do not think it is strong enough at this time to effect weather more than a few miles away due to clouds.
#126 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 11, 2010

Lady E is clearly huffing and puffing: the steaming is cyclic and the amount varies quite a bit. Geysir-like action, in the crater, IMO. There are two places of steaming, the crater and the lava canyon’s uppermost part (2-4 km?). There is no melted rock in contact with the water, just bloody hot stone that boils the water.
#127 Carl
July 11, 2010

@Lurking:
Hope the bushell was full!

Could you do us a favour and not only mark out Askja, I know it is a jolly and nice volcano, but the thing is that the majority of activity quakewise the last decade has been at H and H-tögl. (That dear Passerby was why I didn’t go with the other articles, they where concerning Askja mainly)
I know that it is counted as an unlikely one to erupt, but it is the currently more active after all.
Thanks in advance!
#128 Carl
July 11, 2010

@Lurking part 2:
Or… (fawning shamelessly)
Could you do one just for H and H-tögl? I am having trouble seeing if there is signs that the quakes might indicate rising magma.
#129 Renato I Silveira
July 11, 2010

#126 @Kultsi A giant geysir. Could only happen with Lady E.
@Lurking
Thanks for the graphs. I’m sorry to annoy you asking to show the names. But I didn’t know we were talking about a forth volcano: There’s Askja, and Herðubreið, and Kverkfjöll. Herðubreiðtgöl is yet another one? I like the tuya shape on Herðubreið. But Wikipedia says it has erupted in Pleistocene, which means it could be dangerous or just that there is no chance of erupting?
#130 Jane
July 11, 2010

@ 21 Fireman, your photos are stunning! The light, the rainbow, the colors! (And of course, the volcano, LOL) Thanks for sharing!
http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?pid=31278623&id=1528659644&l=1787628b94#!/photo.php?pid=31278627&id=1528659644&l=1787628b94&fbid=1498356868739
#131 Henrik, Swe
July 11, 2010

Herðubreiðartögl, this is quite a nice site with a lot of information for those of us who like to visualise what we think and talk about:

travelingluck.com/Europe/Iceland/(IC32)/_2630507_Her%C3%B0ubrei%C3%B0art%C3%B6gl.html#local_map

Herðubreið & its immediate vicinity has had a lot of seismic activity over the past three or four months, but nothing near the present amount. Some 55 quakes over the past 48 hours represents quite an increase in activity, but will anything in the way of an eruption happen? Probably not, but then again…
#132 Passerby
July 11, 2010

@123: The point of yesterday’s post was to show that the IES-UK collaborative effort had hammered out an explanation for the discrete patterns of shallow and deeper earthquakes in this area:

‘Close to Askja the swarm is dominated by eruptive fissures….This may indicate that magma pressure is generally higher in dikes close to Askja than farther away from it.’

On the left side of the graph, those volcanic EQs are dues to magmetic movment. They are the EQs close to the central volcano in Lurkings newest graph.

>The proportion of tectonic fractures gets larger with distance from Askja. … Volcanic fissures and tectonic fractures are either oriented away from or concentric with the 3–4 identified calderas in Askja.’

Right side of graph, green-colored lines and in the vicinity of Herðubreið – those are lined up with the beach ball stress diagram shown in the article supplemental material (the article itself wasn’t open-access, just abstract and supplement pdf file).

The fissure swarm of the Askja volcanic system along the divergent plate boundary of N Iceland (2009).

This green-colored basalt area around Herðubreið dates from the last major glacial rebound period (4500 years BP) of volcanic activity.

‘Most of the tectonic fractures are located in the northern part of the map, both in hyaloclastite ridges and post-glacial lava flows’ (from the MS thesis, page 69/125).

Generally, in this area, the shallow quakes are due to tectonic stress from plate spreading.
#133 leon
July 11, 2010

@124 the heatwave that affecting the Uk is down to heatwave in Europe trying to push west and down to southwest with gulf heat trying to push north east and less active Atlantic low fronts to the south of the uk but stay to the north which why Scotland and Ireland so far have had wet start to their summer 7 or 9 European countries have stated a heatwave to contines in to the new week. uk heatwave end tonight for most of the uk heavy rain and a 10 degree drop i can also warn that there will be a worldwide cooling effect this winter 2010/11 with la nina
#134 Renato I Silveira
July 11, 2010

@Fireman @Jane #21 #130 Stunning, indeed! Thanks for reposting, Jane, or they would have gone unnoticed.
#135 Renato I Silveira
July 11, 2010

@Jane: Take this link to Herðubreið as a sign of gratitude. Look at the flowers!
http://www.centrum.is/jmj/hitt/kob1.jpg
#136 parclair, NoCal USA
July 11, 2010

Fireman, your photos are lovely… I’ve bookmarked for future contemplation, thank you!

Jane, thanks for reposting, missed first time.
#137 mm
July 11, 2010

Could that be a second steam plume to the far left on the Mulakot cam? Probably just a cloud but It has been around looking suspicious for some time now. Great blog… I am learning so much!!
#138 mm
July 11, 2010

Nevermind- looks like a cloud. I’m starting to see things from too much volcano staring. Still a good opportunity to mention how much I enjoy the discussions here!
#139 Lurking
July 11, 2010

@Carl

Yes I can. But I’m going to need you to verify the lat and lon for them. I have 65.18N – 16.34W @1.682m for Herðubreið, but since I am not from there, I am not entirely sure I have the right volcano. The nuances of the name spelling make me a bit paranoid of doing the plot until I know who is who in the zoo.

And yes, the bushel was full. Now I have to process it.
#140 Renato I Silveira
July 12, 2010

Weather is beautiful and E geyser plume is huge as seen from Hekla.
http://www.simnet.is/jonfr500/earthquake/vefmyndeyjafjalen.html
#141 Kultsi, Askola, FI
July 12, 2010

@Lurking –
Can you use this map? http://en.ja.is/kort#x=614525&y=514403&z=4&q=her%C3%B0ubrei%C3%B0&services=18%2C16 It’s much better than anything Google has to offer, including getting GPS coordinates from the map. I use this whenever I need to look at something in Iceland.
#142 Raving
July 12, 2010

@birdseyeUSA I have just about finished reading Combined electromagnetic geochemical and thermal surveys of Taal volcano… J. Zlotnicki et al, Bull Volcanol.

Not quite sure what to make of all the …
—————-

Magnetic quenching of magma, piezoelectric effects, thermal contraction during cooling … the sun’s magnetic field flipping.

Entrainment between the sun’s magnetic field and magma plumes? I don’t know enough. Hmm..

Could the enhanced rate of spreading in Iceland be an artifact of a reduced rate of thermal contraction as per sub-oceanic rifting? Also read some abstracts claiming that rift activity was very sensitive to availability of thermal flux.

I have no idea as to what magmatic lensing is yet.

@Reynir [122] Some would say that the “shipping forecast” was the most important part. I myself would value the ‘sleep portion’ but that music is oh so delightful. Strangely it perks me up with a reminder of ‘all nighters’. Thank you.
#143 Lurking
July 12, 2010

First stab at it. Too late to diddle with getting the depth colors rendered. I will likely flip it on it’s side and give you a profile of that nearby swarm from the south and the west.

Bed time now… zzzzZZZZZzzz…..

http://i26.tinypic.com/2hejxwi.png
#144 saç ekimi
July 12, 2010

Hi all;
A fatal flaw was that they failed to have any representative posts ready to go up when the blog went live.

Had they done so, and had the content been surprisingly acceptable, the reception might have been better.

Instead we get this “Hi! Welcome to ShillBlog!” (crickets) and everyone, quite reasonably, expects the worst.
#145 Renato I Silveira
July 12, 2010

Shall we move to the new thread?
#146 Renato I Silveira
July 12, 2010

@kultsi @lurking Kultsi’s map is just great. Bookmarked it. And your graph, Lurking, is perfect. Now I understand the multiple calderas you were talking about.
#147 leon
July 12, 2010

@Lurking141 i had an email on this on the 11.06.10 Askja volcano saying new magma is accumlating in plumbing system by a women called Dr hazel Rymer who has been monitoring system beneath the mountain I know that Askja is 180 miles of North of Eyjaf on the same tectonic plate.Last major eruption was back in 1875 which caused a three mile wide crater. also known to erupt every 40 years but stated that Askja activity is not link to the recent activity of Eyjaf
#148 birdseyeUSA
July 12, 2010

Off to he newer threads – Eric has more new rocks for us. Have just spent way too much time going through this thread after a hiatus, snatching info and graphics for my ongoing ‘Eyja technical’ collection.
OT@raving97, reynir 22 – thanks, reminded me of a great lovely schooner going by the end of the Rockland breakwater a couple of weeks ago.
#149 stigger
July 12, 2010

21 and 136: thanks Fireman, these are brilliant photos. May I use them with my A level class?
#150 Fireman
July 12, 2010

@stigger: sure. Just please credit them ‘Copyright 2010 Mike Ross / http://www.corestore.org‘ – I’m just alert to the risk that they’ll end up outwith my control!
#151 stigger
July 14, 2010

@150 thanks Fireman; I will just show them on the smart board, not store them anywhere or put them on the VLE and of course, I will credit you.
#152 coolest gadgets
January 17, 2011

can’t pronounce that I agree with you on the other hand once again you did n’t write this for approval , at least that’s what I regard such articles, a way of positioning the information and letting the reader decide. .
#153 Vampire Diaries
January 21, 2011

Wow, I personally simply adore your amazing internet-site! Now this is simply a fantastic blog post. I really look forward to reading through a lot more helpful topics in which you will be submitting within the future. I’ve discovered a lot with this. Thankfully.
#154 Web Design UK
February 2, 2011

Awesome article but no joke the sheer amount of Google Ads really make our experience not as great as it could be.
#155 Lorna Allanson
February 2, 2011

I have never read such a clear and meaningful blog post. Perfect!
#156 Terry Whitmarsh
February 27, 2011

I simply couldn’t depart your website before suggesting that I actually enjoyed the standard information an individual supply to your visitors? Is going to be back frequently to check out new posts
#157 Elijah Ganz
March 5, 2011

Thank you for sharing this first-class piece. Very interesting ideas! (as always, btw)
#158 Towarzyskie łódź
April 13, 2011

Interesująca propozycja w tym wpisie. Nie wiem czy się z tym zgadzam
#159 Verdopple Deine Dates
April 14, 2011

Denken Sie daran, dass mir diese Seite sehr gefallen haben. Ich habe sie bereits in meine Bookmarks gespeichert und werde sie auch meinen Freunden empfehlen. Sollten die Herrschaften meine WebsiteNetzauftritte über Double your Dating aufsuchen, werde Ich euch sehr dankbar sein und mich erkenntlich zeigen. Sehen Sie mehr über VDD / Verdopple Deine Dates von D.D., dem Pick up artist und Verführungs Könner schlechthin.
#160 Jamee Helfert
May 1, 2011

Damn, its way tooo HOT! I just hope that the temperture goes down by next weekend-
#161 SMS
May 4, 2011

Your site is 1000 times better then my sms blog, which actually looks very bad and ugly.
#162 Marcelo Pavolini
May 5, 2011

It is a best strategy to be followed, I must say absolutely being here instead of applying this will really be silly. Will you please reply with a lot more information here? It is my opinion you will have a good response and it’ll definitely come in handy too. Simply because this forum has really been a fantastic platform for people all, leading to this would sometimes be healthy for along with your business also. Most people are looking forward to a very good informative response. Thank you just for this, expecting more.
#163 warning earthquake in america
May 6, 2011

This sort of assistance, from the West, is not exceptional. And it’s not limited to predominantly ‘Christian countries’, like Haiti.
#164 personal injury attorney Glendale
May 10, 2011

I recently commented on your website and picked inform me upon latest responses. There has to be a way to eliminate that service? I’m getting lots of emails.
#165 Resa
May 12, 2011

great post about, however! i don’t strive to be so negative but i believe your website would look better if you would have a little bit of gray in it No…, you don’t need to agree… this is only my simple view. Thanks for a great post anyhow! Regards, Resa
#166 this guy showed me how to make $690,447
May 21, 2011

Hate to say it, but there’s an elite group of marketers who think you’re an idiot and want you to stay broke. Watch this controversial video to see how James goes from nothing to banking over $690,447 from SCRATCH – you wont believe it! http://bit.ly/kRFf6Z
#167 Belle Bennett
May 30, 2011

@Admin: What’s the best way of contacting you if I have a question regarding adverstising on your website? It looks like you have a considerable volume of traffic. I’m thinking about either a 125×125 box or a simple text link depending on cost. Thanks.
#168 Elnora
June 9, 2011

I don’t usually answer to posts but I will in this situation. Helpful article. Where did you got all the information from? Anyways thank you for this fantastic blog post! My kindest regards, Elnora.
#169 Vito Allen
June 10, 2011

I can not leave studying this.It really is so awesome, so filled with information and facts that i just did not know.I’m lucky to find out that visitors are really talking about this problem in this kind of a sensible strategy, showing us all completely different. You are one wonderful blogger. Please maintain it up. I can’t wait to learn what’s upcoming.
#170 fukt shit
June 28, 2011

this was awesome, thanks xxx
#171 Kimi Gerardo
July 2, 2011

I love the information and comments regarding this topic. It is a shame more people don’t embarrass the parts that are right regarding this topic. I will be back to see how this conversation string progresses.
#172 rorbincitetub
July 7, 2011

You certainly have some agreeable opinions and views. Your blog provides a fresh look at the subject.
#173 rentenvosorge
July 17, 2011

Diese web page kann a Spaziergang – by für alle info Sie gesucht über dies und wusste nicht, wen Sie fragen. Glimpse right here, und Sie ‘ll unzweifelhaft entdecken es.
#174 vnc download
August 3, 2011

Friday Flotsam: All quiet in North Korea, what to watch for at Katla and the Kilauea lava lake : Eruptions Excellent goods from you, man. I have understand your stuff previous to and you’re just extremely fantastic. I really like what you’ve acquired here, certainly like what you’re stating and the way in which you say it. You make it entertaining and you still take care of to keep it wise. I can’t wait to read much more Friday Flotsam: All quiet in North Korea, what to watch for at Katla and the Kilauea lava lake : Eruptions again from you. Thanks For Share .
#175 miedzyzdroje pokoje
August 6, 2011

Just got done looking for this topic in the major article directories and was extremely disappointed by the lack of relevant information. Then a friend pointed out your blog to me and I must say I am absolutely blown away by the level of understanding you demonstrated on the subject.
#176 mypadmedia
August 13, 2011

Genius always finds itself a century too early.
#177 seoul korea
August 13, 2011

Cannibals prefer those who have no spines.
#178 funny quotes
August 18, 2011

I agree with your Friday Flotsam: All quiet in North Korea, what to watch for at Katla and the Kilauea lava lake : Eruptions, great post.
#179 Neil Dorval
August 19, 2011

First off let me say I live in NYC and have run the past 3 NYC marathons (including yesterdays). I have also run Boston 2009 and am registered to run Boston 2010. With that being said, and believe me Im trying to be impartial
#180 liberty reserve
August 23, 2011

Appreciate it for sharing Friday Flotsam: All quiet in North Korea, what to watch for at Katla and the Kilauea lava lake : Eruptions with us keep update bro love your article about Friday Flotsam: All quiet in North Korea, what to watch for at Katla and the Kilauea lava lake : Eruptions .
#181 Johnette Syring
August 28, 2011

Huhu, super Artikel. Ich liebe dieses Thema und warte auf mehr Artikel dieser Art.
#182 CHEAPGENERICSILDENAFIL.INFO
August 29, 2011

treatments acne
#183 Jed Gergen
September 5, 2011

Hingegen wird man in Zukunft von der Barkaution teilweise abrücken müssen. Da ja sie ist im Falle der Veräußerung des Grundstücks nicht entschieden an solch einen Erwerber weiterzuleiten.
#184 1001 woorden
September 6, 2011

DAMN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!. . nuff said!
#185 How to become NBA referee
September 7, 2011

You got a very wonderful website, Gladiolus I detected it through yahoo.
#186 Timothy Eichman
September 8, 2011

Appreciate this particular goal blog. That’s all I will point out
#187 prince tennis rackets
September 9, 2011

The cradle is extrodinary! An heirloom indeed.
#188 Lolita Peerbolt
September 13, 2011

I miss Iguna!!!!
#189 Elijah Baltodano
September 13, 2011

I amhaving a hell of time seeing gelgi.om in IE 2.3, juet thought I might tell you about itr?
#190 kolektory danych
September 22, 2011

Its like you read my thoughts! You appear to understand a lot about this, like you wrote the book in it or something. I believe that you could do with some % to power the message home a bit, but instead of that, this is excellent blog. An excellent read. I’ll definitely be back.
#191 Apartment
September 22, 2011

You’re so cool!
#192 ubieranki
September 26, 2011

Until Democrats stop working to remove the word God from all areas of life save when one is alone in private, the religous community cannot embrace the Democrat party. As your Sorosnet post describes, the areas with money and influence in the DNC are not the moderates. The Democrats will be in the wilderness for some time to come. I pray they find religion, but based on what lessons they choose to learn from Republican defeats usually the wrong ones, I sincerely doubt it.
#193 2011 News UGG Boots
September 28, 2011

Hoffmanla roche constrained, mississauga, new york, ontario, (pi satrted 4/2000) rechecked 7/2001.
#194 Isaac Wadlington
October 4, 2011

Thanks for your personal marvelous posting! I truly enjoyed reading it, you might be a great author.I will be sure to bookmark your blog and will often come back from now on. I want to encourage yourself to continue your great posts, have a nice day!
#195 mahnbescheid online berlin
October 7, 2011

Das Thema interessiert mich sehr, kannst Du eventuell etwas detaillierter beschreiben, wie man zu weiteren Informationen über das Thema gelangen kann?
#196 Norman Davison
October 10, 2011

Hi.. I hope you can tell me what you’re talking about because there is something i dont like..
#197 Tefal 4 in 1
October 11, 2011

That’s an all round great article
#198 Louis Vuitton Handbags
October 11, 2011

the question is not whether new blood is needed. It is, as demonstrated by the retirement statistics. The question is whether that new blood will be good or bad. I’m proposing that unless we want it to be bad, good people should stop poo-pooing government service.
#199 célibataire
October 14, 2011

Bon alors celle là elle est pas mal ! Une belle cougar ça me tente bien moi ce soir ! Y’a des femmes d’expérience dans le coin ? Ou au fond là bas ? J’en voi pas … Bon j’attend vos commentaires les femmes !
#200 conception web montréal
October 19, 2011

I find it so hard to believe that it was only a month ago that i didn’t know how to boil and egg and no i can actually cook dinner for my family instead of my wife always have to do it “cyber882″
#201 Jasmine
October 19, 2011

Hello, Neat post. There is a problem together with your site in internet explorer, would test this… IE still is the marketplace chief and a large component to people will pass over your wonderful writing due to this problem.
#202 bookmarkingdemon
October 25, 2011

I enjoy all of the feedback here. i’m contemplating about commencing my very own blog. i’m questioning if it really is tough to operate your very own blog. I undoubtedly enjoy commenting. many thanks Bloggers.
#203 Brett Sartor
October 26, 2011

Hey, I was refered to your blog by my cousin. I thought this post was great. You are wonderful! Thank you.
#204 androsterone
November 2, 2011

Yo Dude… I am not much into reading, but somehow I read lots of ur post on your blog. It is awesome how interesting your site is. I will be visiting once in a while.
#205 igf-1 lr3 results
November 8, 2011

I happen to be commenting to make you know of the remarkable experience our daughter undergone going through yuor web blog. She came to understand a lot of things, which include how it is like to have a marvelous helping style to make men and women completely understand various hard to do subject matter. You actually surpassed readers’ expectations. Thanks for providing these powerful, dependable, edifying and in addition cool thoughts on your topic to Mary.
#206 Aldo Hazelhurst
November 8, 2011

I have been wanting to start blogging and/or vlogging for a while, and I was wondering what to do to prepare to start vlogging and what type of camera to get and just anything information you could give me on the subject. This would be a tremendous help to me. Serious answers only please. Thank you..
#207 tennis players female
November 10, 2011

George Santayana~ Those who speak most of progress measure it by quantity and not by quality.
#208 Bertie Gribbins
November 11, 2011

I’m truly enjoying the design and layout of your site. It’s a very easy on the eyes which makes it much more pleasant for me to come here and visit more often. Did you hire out a designer to create your theme? Great work!
#209 pew research survey
November 14, 2011

Dont let the commie media fool you. If Brown wins, this is a rejection not Martha the Coakhead, this is a rejection of OBAMA. His Dr Kevorkian health care plan is being slowed by his OWN PARTY trying to kiss every lefty constituency butt they can. As for the ACORN buses, I suspect maybe there are some members of the VRWC who might slash the tires on those buses, or perhaps stash the ACORNS someplace only the squirrels would know about. Im wondering if Terrell Owens, Tony Romo and the entire roster of the Dallas Cowboys will show up on the ballots next Tuesday.
#210 odszkodowanie po wypadku
November 14, 2011

Dank u voor deze blog, het is geweldig! Ik vind dit soort van mensen die kennis delen met anderen.
#211 Frieda Seller
November 15, 2011

How did you make your site look this cool. Email me if you can and share your wisdom. Id be appreciative!
#212 cairns
November 15, 2011

You made some decent points there. I regarded on the web for the issue and found most people will go along with with your website.
#213 How To Unclog A Toilet
November 16, 2011

Hey, I think your really on track with this, I cant say I am completely on the same page, but its not really that big of a issue.
#214 How To Blog
November 18, 2011

Incluso a mi retrÃ³grada mente le suena mal lo de poner al alumno cara a la pared, u obligarle a copiar cien veces una frase, pero, Â¿cual serÃa la alternativa del agrado del Sr. Ministro y de nuestros cofrades de babor?. PodrÃamos aceptar, por ejemplo, como castigo, que se pusiera a la alumna durante dos recreos a repartir folletos proabortistas en el patio del colegio. O asistir a dos sesiones extra del montaje masturbatorio de la Junta de Extremadura.
#215 Day Trading
November 18, 2011

That all you got? Sounds like the Coakley campaigns attitude. Heres a cluebat, tool. That shtick doesnt play any longer. Its turning off the voters in even the bluest of blue states like Mass. The type of tool projecting their fascination with teabagging from Schumer to lightweight tools like yourself isnt convincing anyone of anything anymore other than that your mind is a cesspool.
#216 oswietlenie
November 21, 2011

Jon, was that you on the guitar
#217 Lockpicking Guide
November 22, 2011

Lady Duff-Gordon~ Put even the plainest woman into a beautiful dress and unconsciously she will try to live up to it.
#218 nike mercurial superfly iii
November 22, 2011

Nice post. I be taught one thing more difficult on different blogs everyday. It would all the time be stimulating to read content from other writers and follow a little bit one thing from their store. I’d want to make use of some with the content material on my blog whether you don’t mind. Natually I’ll provide you with a hyperlink on your web blog. Thanks for sharing.
#219 strony www RzeszĂłw
November 22, 2011

As I web site possessor I believe the content matter here is rattling excellent , appreciate it for your efforts. You should keep it up forever! Best of luck.
#220 classic cardy metallic
November 22, 2011

I＊d need to verify with you here. Which is not something I normally do! I enjoy studying a publish that may make folks think. Also, thanks for allowing me to comment!
#221 Roy Lubbs
November 22, 2011

The comments here are great. Its nice to see a lot people really read a article before commenting.
#222 live sex cams
November 24, 2011

Study the distinction between these two and it will definitely aid you know what types of articles to write and to submit.
#223 Julia Gillard
November 25, 2011

Muchos Gracias for your article.Really looking forward to read more.

National Geographic SocietyIn partnership with

Advertisement

Science Blogs

Search National Geographic

Eruptions

Friday Flotsam: All quiet in North Korea, what to watch for at Katla and the Kilauea lava lake

Comments

Search This Blog

Recent Posts

Eruptions is moving!

Possible eruption in Virunga National Park, Congo

Sinabung and Etna updates for 8/30/2010

New eruption at Sinabung in Indonesia

Friday Flotsam: Galeras settles, Krakatau anniversary, what is under Yellowstone and more.

Recent Comments

Archives

Categories

Meta

National Geographic SocietyIn partnership with

Advertisement

Science Blogs

Search National Geographic

Eruptions

Friday Flotsam: All quiet in North Korea, what to watch for at Katla and the Kilauea lava lake

Comments

Search This Blog

Subscribe

Recent Posts

Eruptions is moving!

Possible eruption in Virunga National Park, Congo

Sinabung and Etna updates for 8/30/2010

New eruption at Sinabung in Indonesia

Friday Flotsam: Galeras settles, Krakatau anniversary, what is under Yellowstone and more.

Recent Comments

Archives

Categories

Meta