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« The Camera that Changed the Universe: Part 3 | Main | The Camera that Changed the Universe: Part 4 »

How Massive is the Milky Way?

Category: GalaxiesScientific papers
Posted on: May 13, 2009 4:56 PM, by Ethan Siegel

Those of you who are astronomy buffs (or Colbert Report fans) may have heard the news this past January that the Milky Way is just as massive as Andromeda. Colbert even did a special on his show about "America's Galaxy."

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Although his megalomania is unprecedented,

One of my favorite pasttimes is lying back in a field and staring up at the stars. Looking in to the vast expanses and limitlessness of space makes me take stock, and realize just how truly significant I am. I mean, those stars are so small! My hand can cover, like, a thousand of them!
Colbert actually reported on some good science. By figuring out that our galaxy was spinning faster, it indicated that we had more mass than previously thought. Hence, perhaps our Milky Way isn't the little sister to Andromeda in the local group after all, as we've always thought. Perhaps we are the same size?

LocalGroup.jpg

Could this be wrong? Could we really be just about the same size? Well, an article came out today by the Italian astrophysicist, Giovanni Carlo Baiesi-Pillastrini, where a brilliant, new technique was used to test this.

earthsunmoon_p1_1.gif

Just by watching the tides on Earth, we can figure out what the gravitational tidal forces on our planet are from everything around us, including from the Earth itself. The Earth dominates everything, and that's why the oceans stay bound to our planet. But then we can look at what the external effects are, and where they come from. The Moon turns out to be the strongest, the Sun's effect is about 1/3 of the Moon's, and everything else is negligible.

Local_Group.JPG

Well, by looking at the outskirts of the Milky Way galaxy, we can determine what the tidal effects of both the Milky Way and Andromeda are, and figure out what their mass ratios are.

Know what his results are?

M31C.JPG

Andromeda is not only more massive than the Milky Way, it is (most likely) two or three times the mass of our galaxy. So no, we are not the same size as Andromeda, and one possible (and very interesting) explanation could be that Andromeda simply has more dark matter than we do! I am sure there will be more to learn about our own local group coming soon...

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Comments

1

Wow! So it appears that hungry Andromeda will be having herself a milky feeding after all. An equal unison is simply not in the stars.


Okay, I'll stop now.

Posted by: The Science Pundit | May 13, 2009 2:21 PM

2

Yeah! Hear that, Andromeda? So, you know that in about 3.000 million years you'll come here to bully us. Well, bring it on!

Posted by: Daneel | May 13, 2009 7:22 PM

3

Once again, a neat post. My father, who made sure he got me up every time there was a lunar eclipse, and loved looking at the sky when we camped, would love stuff like this.

I do have to say I find Colbert's line "... and realize just how truly significant I am. I mean, those stars are so small! My hand can cover, like, a thousand of them!" made me laugh out loud.

Posted by: dean | May 14, 2009 6:30 AM

4

Make the Andromedans prove that their galaxy is bigger.

Until they do, I say ours is bigger.

Glen D
http://tinyurl.com/6mb592

Posted by: Glen Davidson | May 14, 2009 10:36 AM

5

your loser-tude is 10!

ha. made me laugh.

Posted by: rob | May 14, 2009 11:08 AM

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