Dave Munger
dmunger
Posts by this author
October 3, 2005
It often doesn't take much to make an eyewitness to a crime change her or his story. While Mafia hardball tactics for intimidating witnesses make the headlines, just seeing or hearing a different version of the "facts" can be enough. One key (as we've discussed before) is remembering the context…
September 30, 2005
As early as 2002, 60 percent of the total Japanese population (this includes infants, the elderly, and the infirm) subscribed to a cell phone service. Though the phones are banned in public schools, parents were buying them for their kids anyway—mainly, they said, to control their behavior and…
September 28, 2005
There are two different ways we might navigate from place to place: we either remember landmarks along the way, or we note how far we go in each direction, and what turns we've made along the way. The landmark system doesn't work very well in nondescript landscapes or in the dark, and the second…
September 27, 2005
All this talk about stereotypes can get you thinking. Perhaps some stereotypes reflect actual differences. Take color vision, for example: men often refer to themselves as "color-impaired," letting the women in their lives make home design decisions and even asking them to match clothing for them.…
September 26, 2005
Gender and racial differences in standardized test scores have received a lot of coverage in the popular press. An article in yesterday's New York Times discussed how simply combining populations with different economic status can result in increased test scores—apparently just being around kids…
September 22, 2005
There is considerable evidence that using a cell phone impairs driving ability. The research has even reached the popular consciousness: hosts of radio call-in shows ask cell-phone callers to pull over before making their comments; drivers give wide berths to people who are obviously talking while…
September 21, 2005
We know that "average" faces are judged to be more attractive than the faces of the individuals making up the average. But this doesn't tell us what the mechanism for judging attractiveness is. Do we judge faces to be attractive because they are potential mates, or is there some other reason for…
September 15, 2005
Music can be used to convey a range of emotion, from sadness to happiness, from anger to fear. We use music to help fall asleep at night, and to wake up in the morning. Its effect on our mood may be enough to improve our performance on a range of intellectual tasks. But where do these effects come…
September 13, 2005
Click on the image below to be taken to a quicktime movie showing 9 different faces. When the movie is finished playing, drag the slider back and forth to pick the face you think is the most attractive.
The faces are composite images—"average" faces made by morphing together 48 different photos…
September 12, 2005
My favorite bike shop has a photo of bicyclists lighting up cigarettes for each other as they rode along during a 1920s stage of the Tour de France. After getting over our astonishment that they can actually manage to light cigarettes without even getting off their bikes, we look at the photo today…
September 9, 2005
Taste is a notoriously difficult sense to study. My son Jim can't stand baked potatoes, but I can't get enough of them. I don't like watermelon, but the rest of my family gobbles it up. Even more perplexingly, I do like watermelon candy. With all the individual differences in taste, how can…
September 8, 2005
One of our missions at Cognitive Daily has always been to get our message about the science of psychology out to as large and diverse an audience as possible. So far, the message has been passed along mainly by the Internet equivalent of word of mouth—blogs—and we've been amazed at the number of…
September 7, 2005
How do we reconcile the variety of results that have been found with respect to the Mozart effect—the idea that the music of Mozart can lead to improved performance on spatial ability tests? With some researchers appearing to have found no effect at all, and others claiming dramatic effects, who…
September 2, 2005
One of my best friends in college played music incessantly—whether he was studying, writing papers, completing organic chemistry problem sets, or swilling down cheap beer, whatever he did was accompanied by a nonstop 1980s synth-pop beat. This apparently did him no harm, because after graduating at…
August 31, 2005
This is an image from the video game Asheron's Call 2 (source: mmorpg.com). Does playing such a game, involving regular practicing (albeit in a virtual environment) of repetitive, violent acts, increase our general level of aggression? A recent article in New York Times says no, citing a study by…
August 30, 2005
Steven Johnson is a writer who I very much admire. I'm particularly impressed by his defense of video games and other technologies in his book Everything Bad is Good For You. However, in defending the good aspects of video games, he has also felt compelled to downplay their negative effects. For…
August 29, 2005
The "Mozart Effect" hit the mainstream media by storm in the mid 1990s, in the form of a bestselling book by the same name. A Google search for the topic still reveals a slew of products designed to exploit the effect—to increase IQ, or overall well-being, or even physical health.
The psychological…
August 25, 2005
The human brain is incredibly specialized. There are individual neurons for recognizing faces, edges of objects, and specific sounds. One fruitful area of research recently has been to determine precisely how specialized the brain really is. Here's one example. The image below links to an animated…
August 24, 2005
Welcome to Tangled Bank—we're thrilled to finally have the opportunity to host. For CogDaily readers who may not be aware of Tangled Bank, it's a fortnightly "carnival" of the best science blog postings from the previous two weeks. There's always an incredible variety of posts from all areas of the…
August 23, 2005
Perceiving motion creates a fascinating problem for psychologists. Physicists for centuries have devised a whole set of rules describing how objects actually move. These rules are so precise and accurate that it's tempting to say that the human perceptual system simply integrates them into motion…
August 22, 2005
This Wednesday, we'll be hosting Tangled Bank, a nifty collection of the best science blog postings for the last two weeks. If you've got a science blog—or any kind of a blog, actually, consider yourself invited to submit! Just pick your best science-related post from the past two weeks (and we're…
August 15, 2005
One of Jean Piaget's most famous observations is the phenomenon of "object permanence"—the idea that babies younger than eight months old have no conception of an object once it's hidden from view. It's easy to see how he came to this conclusion. Click on the picture of my daughter Nora at six…
August 11, 2005
It happens to everyone. You open a present and find a gift of so little personal interest that you wonder if you got the wrong package. The classic may be clothes presented to a preschooler; who can expect a 3 year-old to smile and say, "Thank you!" upon receiving a sweater? Somehow, we learn…
August 8, 2005
"Boys are better at math" is a stereotype decades in the making, and it has in some cases been borne out by testing measures such as the SAT. The stereotype has been around so long that many wonder whether the stereotype is the effect or the cause of any actual differences in math ability.
Many…
August 4, 2005
Rummaging through your bag in search of keys, it's clear that you can recognize objects using just your fingers. But is it easier to recognize the keys if you feel them as if you were going to open to door, or if you encounter the key's teeth in some odd orientation--like pointed straight up?…
August 1, 2005
In every courtroom drama, the most dramatic scene is always when the star witness points her finger at the villain and proclaims that "he did it!" The confidence with which an eyewitness describes the perpetrator of a crime is often the most convincing evidence in a court battle. But how accurate…
July 28, 2005
Imagine sitting in a coffee shop, having a nice conversation with your friend Dave. If Dave looks at something, your eyes will reflexively move to look at the same item. This is actually quite convenient, because it may help you figure out what Dave is talking about, or what he might comment on…
July 25, 2005
With my high school reunion coming up, memories just seem to well up out of nowhere. One of the most powerful was that of my cross-country coach's booming voice yelling "stride, Munger, stride!" across the track. I wasn't the best runner on the team, but whenever I heard that voice, I'd always…
July 22, 2005
I've created a quick animation of distorted pictures of my son Jim, together with some normal ones. Take a minute or so to watch the animation, then decide if the last picture you're shown looks "normal" to you. Click on the normal (but pre-eyeglasses and braces) photo of Jim below to begin:
I'…
July 19, 2005
We've posted on boundary extension before, here, here, and here, but we've never written about boundary extension and kids. Boundary extension is when we remember more of a picture than was actually shown to us, as if our mind is actively creating a portion of the image we didn't see, beyond its…