January 31st
1632 - Death of Joost Bürgi, Swiss clockmaker and mathematician
1868 - Birth of Theodore William Richards, American chemist, Nobel laureate
1881 - birth of Irving Langmuir, American chemist, Nobel laureate
1896 - Birth of Sofya Yanovskaya, Russian mathematician
1929 - Birth of Rudolf Mössbauer, German physicist, Nobel laureate
1958 - Explorer I - The first successful launch of an American satellite into orbit.
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Events
1958 - Explorer program: Explorer I - The first successful launch of an American satellite into orbit.
1958 - James Van Allen discovers the Van Allen radiation belt.
1961 - Project Mercury: Mercury-Redstone 2 - Ham the Chimp becomes the first hominid in outer space.
Births
1868 - Theodore…
Events
1923 - Insulin first became generally available for use by diabetics.
Births
1452 - Leonardo da Vinci, Italian Renaissance polymath (above)
1552 - Pietro Cataldi, Italian mathematician
1641 - Robert Sibbald, Scottish physician
1707 - Leonhard Euler, Swiss mathematician
1710 - William…
Births
1832 - Wilhelm Wundt, German psychologist
1845 - Gabriel Lippmann, French physicist, Nobel laureate
1904 - Wendell Meredith Stanley, American chemist, Nobel laureate
Deaths
1705 - Jakob Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and scientist
1893 - Jean-Martin Charcot, French neurologist
1899 - Robert…
Events
1970 - Explorer 1 re-enters the Earth's atmosphere (after 12 years in orbit).
1994 - Bill Kimbel, Don Johanson and Yoel Rak report the finding in Ethiopia of the first fairly complete Australopithecus afarensis skull (AL 444-2, see above)
Births
1596 - René Descartes, French…