In the days of the fierce Iguanodon

i-5d9f315f4ae89ae5017e07c70dd66880-mrn1m.jpg


John Martin's 1838 depiction of an Iguanodon attacked by a Megalosaurus.[source]


The other day I received a review copy of Ralph O'Connor's fantastic book The Earth on Show, and it has quickly become one of my most favorite tomes. (I know I'm a bit behind on reviews; I hope to get some done this weekend.) Reading it has definitely sparked plenty of thoughts about dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures as monsters, a post on which I'm working on presently (I'm away from my library at the moment, though, so I won't be able to dig into my bookshelves until later today). Descriptions of prehistoric animals as monsters and dragons have generally been dropped, yet the concept still underlies much of paleontological storytelling and imagery. Early restorations of Iguanodon, for instance, made the ornithischian look like a 100 foot long dragon, sporting a horn on its nose and a mouth bristling with sharp teeth. Although such art was based upon living, herbivorous iguanas (and I have not yet seen an early illustration of Iguanodon as a carnivore), there seemed to be little doubt that it was just as fierce as the predatory Megalosaurus in combat;

i-5a88f1baecb1064c5f8d229420a4e564-riou.jpg


An Iguanodon (left) and a Megalosaurus (right) locked in deadly combat as envisioned in 1867 by Edouard Riou. [source]


The modern Iguanodon is depicted as a much more peaceful animal and is seldom locked in battle with another dinosaur (although there is one John Sibbick illustration I can remember in which an Iguanodon drives its thumb-spikes into the neck of a theropod). A huge array of other dinosaurs have filled the gap, though, vividly illustrating "nature red in tooth and claw." Tyrannosaurus will always be the scourge of hadrosarus and Triceratops, Tenontosaurus will be perpetually falling prey to packs of Deinonychus, Apatosaurus juveniles will be continually menaced by marauding Allosaurus, and so on, our fixation with the "struggle for existence" being front-and-center in paleoimagery.

More like this

Henry de la Beche's "Duria Antiquior," an image of the carnage that must have taken place on the shores of the ancient Dorset.Years ago, when touring dino-mation exhibits were all the rage, my parents took me to "see the dinosaurs" at the Morris Museum. I was terrified. I had seen dinosaur…
Our understanding of dinosaurs today is a far cry from the massive, crocodile-like beasts envisioned by Richard Owen and William Buckland, but the way in which ideas about dinosaurs held by earlier paleontologists are presented has been troubling me lately. In many documentaries it is fashionable…
The sculpted skull of the AMNH Deinonychus mount.For nearly as long as I can remember, artistic depictions of Deinonychus and related dromeosaurs have featured the dinosaur as a pack hunter, often pouncing on a hapless ornithischian like Tenontosaurus (see here, here, here, and here for examples).…
It is often accepted that science and the humanities have long been in conflict with each other, science providing a cold, objective look at the world while having read the entire works of Shakespeare (or similar equivalent) represents the true hallmark of a cultivated mind in the humanities.…

The modern Iguanodon is depicted as a much more peaceful animal and is seldom locked in battle with another dinosaur (although there is one John Sibbick illustration I can remember in which an Iguanodon drives its thumb-spikes into the neck of a theropod).

Yes, I know exactly the picture you mean -- I use it in one of my lectures as a mention of one proposed function for the spike. I call it "Iguanodon hitch-hiking the theropod to death." Should be the other way 'round, though -- any animal with as paltry a defensive armament as Iguanodon stupid enough to move toward a predator is just asking to be removed from the gene pool... (Guess how much credence I lend this hypothesis!)

Heh. I remember that picture by John Sibbick.

You could add a few other common representations:

An ankylosaurid whacking the ankle of a marauding tyrannosaur.
A Stegosaurus defending itself from an Allosaurus or Ceratosaurus.
Protoceratops locked in combat with Velociraptor, or catching a thieving Oviraptor in action.
A large crocodilian (always either Sarcosuchus or Deinosuchus) chomping down on some unlucky ornithopod.

I love the Riou picture. Note that the *Iguanodon* looks like an oversized iguana, while the *Megalosurus* with its parasagittal gait and mammalian proportions looks like a mangy mesonychian.