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Anthro Blog Carnival

The eighty-first Four Stone Hearth blog carnival is on-line at Spider Monkey Tales. Catch the best recent blogging on archaeology and anthropology! Submissions for the next carnival will be sent to Krystal at Anthropology in Practice. All bloggers with an interest in the subject are welcome to volunteer to me for hosting. The next vacant hosting slot is in less than a month, on 30 December. It's a good way to gain readers. No need to be an anthro pro.

Swedish Runic Corpus On-line

Here's an extremely useful resource. The Swedish National Heritage Board has scanned the great multivolume corpus publication of Swedish runic inscriptions, Sveriges runinskrifter, and put it on-line for free. Currently as PDF files, but in the future there will also be a structured database. Though the PDF:s have been run through optical character recognition, they don't seem to have been indexed on Google (yet?). For an example, read about (p. 547 ff) Kalv's runestone U 875 at Focksta in Hagby, Uppland, shown above.

ScienceBlogs in Online Journalism Review

I and several other ScienceBloggers were recently interviewed for an article in the Online Journalism Review, a project associated with the Annenberg Center at USC. That article is now available on their website to read for those who are interested. I didn't ask the author of the article, Steve Bryant, to link to the Panda's Thumb or to Michigan Citizens for Science, but he did and that makes me happy. Tara Smith, Tim Lambert and PZ Myers were also interviewed for the article.

New Mircheva Photograph Subverts Beauty

My talented on-line buddy, Birmingham-based design student Tatyana Mircheva, has a new photo blog where she puts up some really interesting stuff. This series is a feminist commentary on the superficiality and narcissism of the beauty industry. The young woman worships her own reflection in the mirror, turning gradually into a Playboy Bunny. It's the same theme as in Mircheva's bike crash photo: young women aestheticising themselves to death, becoming pretty corpses. [More blog entries about art, photography; konst, fotografi.]

Carnivalia

The thirty-eighth Four Stone Hearth blog carnival is on-line at A Very Remote Period Indeed. Archaeology and anthropology, and all seen in relation to the the Rice Track/Soccer Stadium in Houston, Texas. The next open hosting slot is on 4 June. All bloggers with an interest in the subject are welcome to volunteer to me. No need to be an anthro pro. But you must be a trustee of the Rice Track/Soccer Stadium, like me. And check out the new Skeptics' Circle!

I love the internet.

News #1 Felicia Day, the cutest girl on the internet, is going to be a guest patient on House tonight. If you are Bill O'Reilly or Oprah Winfrey and you dont know who Felicia Day is, welcome to the internet! Get your butt over to Hulu to watch 'Dr. Horrible', and YouTube to watch 'The Guild'. News #2 Michael Moore just released his latest movie, 'Slacker Uprising'. Hes releasing it online, for free. Gonna watch it after House :P

Environmental Health Perspectives on Framing and Science Communication

The journal Environmental Health Perspectives leads off its December issue with a news feature on the relevance of framing research to science communication. For readers who have followed recent review articles at Nature Biotechnology and the American Journal of Botany, the news feature adds additional insights. EHP is a monthly journal of peer-reviewed research and news on the impact of the environment on human health. EHP is published by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and its content is free online.

Framing Science at AAAS: Moving Beyond Gore's Message

As I posted yesterday, this weekend at the annual AAAS meetings in Boston, I will be presenting as part of the panel on "Communicating Science in a Religious America." I will also be participating in a second session that focuses on news coverage of climate change. Other panelists include Andrew Revkin of the NY Times, Pallab Ghosh of the BBC News, and AAAS Chair John Holdren of Harvard University. For a preview of some of my presentation, see this recent Skeptical Inquirer Online article: "Moving Beyond Gore's Message."

Pedophile attempts to justify his views - Dunford kicks him to the curb

Mike Dunford responds to a pedophile ("Sam") that has appeared at Shelley's blog - an idiot who compares the treatment of pedophiles to the treatment of Jews and African-Americans and feels that "[p]edophilia needs no endorsement, it is a beautiful and natural part of the world's culture." Mike handled this in a more restrained manner than I ever could. "Sam" is entitled to spew this crap online - thats why we have a First Amendment. I just hope that he never puts his words into actions.

Threats subverted, torture ignored, Twitter defended, and other short takes

Ed Yong examines how a simple writing exercise helps break vicious cycle that holds back black students. The Questionable Authority considers The Torture Memos, Medical "Professionals", and the Hippocratic Oath. Jessica Palmer, in a healthy display of online media's corrective power, tries to make clear that For the last time: that "Twitter is Evil" paper is not about Twitter!. Zimmer takes a tour of assisted migration. Effect measure argues the lack of universal health care in the US is morally and fiscally bankrupt.

Clothes for atheists

A Product of Evolution is an online store which "provide[s] intelligent designs for free thinking truth seekers." The products, which include mens and women's T-shirts, sweatshirts, hoodies, and mugs, are "inspired by...the natural beauty of evolution, science, truth and free inquiry." On the right is one of the garments sold at the store. The cotton T-shirt reads "God Free: all natural 100% nonreligious". It is available in white, ash grey and light blue and costs $20.99. [Via Travis Morgan]

Valentine's Day Lesson #1

This was sent by MF (initials are meant to keep my source out of trouble, I hope that I won't be subpoenaed on this one): Menstrual cycle phase modulates reward-related neural function in women In other words, giving roses at the wrong time will do nothing for you! Ref: Jean-Claude Dreher , Peter J. Schmidt , Philip Kohn , Daniella Furman , David Rubinow , and Karen Faith Berman Menstrual cycle phase modulates reward-related neural function in women PNAS (07) Advanced Online Publication 10.1073/pnas.0605569104

Congratulations Phoenix Team! Another Fine Landing on Mars!

Congratulations to the Phoenix landing team for an absolutely best-scenario landing! I tuned in for the landing on NASA TV online. Seeing all the tension and excitement at Mission Control got me positively bouncing in my desk chair. I was just amazed that everything happened exactly how it should. We now have 3 active robots on Mars providing us scientific data. Did you ever in your wildest dreams imagine this? Additionally, this was the first propulsion landing since the Viking lander, over 30 years ago.

My Boskone Schedule

The usual "This is the stuff that looks interesting to me" post, based on the preliminary online program. Subject to change if they move things around, or if I discover something I overlooked that sounds more interesting, or if I decide I'm hungry, and opt to blow off panels in favor of food. This year's program is lighter on panels, but includes both a signing and a reading. Which will be a very different experience than years past... Friday 7pm Harbor 1: The Singularity: An Appraisal Arguably the idea of the Singularity -- a period where change happens so quickly that life afterwards is…

Neil Munro goes after Riyadh Lafta

Neil Munro has had another go at the Lancet studies. This time he has gone on right-wing talk shows to attack Riyadh Lafta. On Glenn Beck he claimed This study -- the guys in this study have not shown the forms and the date and the sheets collected by the surveyors who worked for an Iraqi without U.S. supervision. This particular Iraqi was once employed by Saddam Hussein, where he produced crummy scientific papers as part of Saddam`s effort to lift economic sanctions in the 1990s. On Mike McConnell he elaborated (search for "neil munro" at the link): The strange thing is that the entire…

Quote mining about secondhand smoke

Not surprisingly, in response to my article on the health risks of secondhand smoke yesterday, the "skeptics' came out in force, although I must admit that even I hadn't expected quite as large an influx as what appeared. Perhaps I'll prepare a general response in the near future (and, no, I didn't take the Surgeon General's report as the be-all and end-all, but it did make a compelling case for SHS causing increasing the risk of lung cancer and cardiovascular disease at least, and it also served as a convenient aggregator of the many, many studies out there). In the meantime one commenter…

The New York Times posts stupid stuff

Some people have joked that journalists have a tendency to always present "alternative viewpoints" even when the sides are not symmetrical in their cogency or credibility, e.g., "Earth is a sphere, views differ." That being said, this article about the controversy over blogging etiquette, and specifically the Kathy Sierra controversy really pisses me off because of this passage: That may sound obvious, but many Internet veterans believe that blogs are part of a larger public sphere, and that deleting a visitor's comment amounts to an assault on their right to free speech. It is too early to…

Picks and interviews from ResearchBlogging.org [Cognitive Daily]

Here's this week's list of notable posts from Psychology and Neuroscience at ResearchBlogging.org. Is autism really surging? Michelle Dawson wonders whether the recent rise in autism rates can be traced to methodological differences in studies tracking autism rates. We know many men are attracted to younger women, but what does it mean to look younger? Wayne Hooke looks at a recent study and concludes that looking younger may be a matter of looking less masculine. Ever had a song that you just can't get out of your head -- an "earworm"? You'd think that psychologists would be all over…

One Man's Retirement Plan

Have you given any thought to your retirement? Planning on pottering? Catching up on reading? Thinking you'll cross that bridge when you come to it? According to Prof. Bernardo Vidne, retirement can be more like jumping out of a plane than crossing a bridge - even if you are prepared. The story of Vidne's working career is almost archetypical: From a poor childhood in Argentina, he rose to become head of the largest cardiac surgery department in Israel. In addition to some 40,000 surgeries - 10,000 on children - Vidne authored around 300 papers in medical journals and taught many students.…

UC Davis symposium to highlight the remarkable similarities between the plant and animal immune systems

The University of California, Davis, will host two Nobel laureates for a symposium this month about the shared characteristics of plants, flies and people in terms of how they fight infections. "Evolution of Common Molecular Pathways Underlying Innate Immunity" will feature the 2011 Nobel Laureates in Physiology or Medicine, Jules Hoffmann of the University of Strasbourg, France, and Bruce Beutler of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. Luke O'Neill, professor of biochemistry and immunology at Trinity College, Dublin and I will also give lectures. The symposium is…

Swine flu: estimating pandemic potential with a computer model using early data

Trying to figure out where the incipient swine flu pandemic is heading and how fast it is heading there is shooting at a moving target, and this one is moving pretty fast. The best we can do at this point is use whatever information we have to make some educated guesses about different scenarios along with how likely various scenarios are. We used to do this on the back of an envelope, Now we use computer programs. I'm not sure we are doing much better (or much worse), but we can make use of more information and the answer looks prettier when displayed. Expedited publication of such an…

ScienceOnline2010 - introducing the participants

As you know you can see everyone who's registered for the conference, but I highlight 4-6 participants every day as this may be an easier way for you to digest the list. You can also look at the Program so see who is doing what. Tom Levenson is the Director of the Graduate Program in the Writing and Humanistic Studies program at MIT. He blogs on the Inverse Square blog and tweets. I interviewed Tom last year. At the conference, Tom will co-moderate the session From Blog to Book: Using Blogs and Social Networks to Develop Your Professional Writing. Val Jones, MD is the President and CEO of…

ScienceOnline2010 - introducing the participants

As you know you can see everyone who's registered for the conference, but I highlight 4-6 participants every day as this may be an easier way for you to digest the list. You can also look at the Program so see who is doing what. Miriam Goldstein is a Ph.D. graduate student in biological oceanography at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. She recently led the Seaplex expedition to the North Pacific Gyre aka Garbage Patch. She blogs on Oyster's Garter, on DoubleX and the Seaplex blog and she tweets both as seaplex and as herself. I interviewed Miriam after the last year's conference. At…

ScienceOnline2010 - introducing the participants

As you know you can see everyone who's registered for the conference, but I highlight 4-6 participants every day as this may be an easier way for you to digest the list. You can also look at the Program so see who is doing what. Glendon Mellow is a freelance artist-illustrator, currently a student at York University. He blogs at The Flying Trilobite and tweets. I interviewed Glendon earlier this year. At the conference, he will co-moderate the session on Art and Science: Visual Metaphors and lead a workshop where he'll teach how to Paint your blog images using a digital tablet. Annie Crawley…

ScienceOnline2010 - introducing the participants: parents and children

As you know you can see everyone who's registered for the conference, but I highlight 4-6 participants every day as this may be an easier way for you to digest the list. You can also look at the Program so see who is doing what. There are three parent-child pairs coming to the conference in January and all three have been here before: John and Sam Dupuis are a father and son. John is the Head of the Steacie Science & Engineering Library at York University and a SciBling, blogging at Confessions of a Science Librarian. I interviewed John last year after the 2008 conference. His son Sam…

Tweetlinks, 10-02-09

Follow me on Twitter to get these, and more, in something closer to Real Time: igNobels 2009 China Is Wordless on Traumas of Communists' Rise Turkey: student protester hurls shoe at IMF chief Blogging a science conference: Interview with Alex Knoll Friday Weird Science: The shark with two 'heads' How Google Wave could transform journalism Do Vaccines Cause Autism? Correlation vs. Causation: video1 and video2 The eScience revolution - Rensselaer researchers to create semantic Web platforms for massive scientific collaboration M.I.T. Taking Student Blogs to Nth Degree Which university has the…

Peer review nightmare, as in "Oh, my God!"

There is a class of legal cases that are so blatant lawyers call them Oh My God cases, you know, the kind when you see the facts you say, "Oh my God" (NB: don't give me grief because I'm an atheist. I'm allowed to use colloquial phrases that have their origins in myth and superstition). Back to the subject. I'm a journal editor and also a frequent peer reviewer of scientific articles for other journals (I'm procrastinating reviewing three of them by writing this post). And in that context, I'd call this story an Oh my God story: A peer reviewer leaked a paper due to appear in The New England…

Freethinker Sunday Sermonette: well ex-CUSE ME!

Jonathan Luxmoore of the Catholic News Service doesn't respect me, I guess. He thinks I'm a hypocrite because I said I liked Christmas although I'm an atheist. Well, Ex-CUSE . ME: Sir, I may not be alone in detecting a case of having your Christmas cake and eating it in David Aaronovitch's defence of carol-singing atheists (Comment, Dec 20) and accompanying letters. I find it hard to respect anyone who proclaims their atheism with missionary zeal, and then happily joins in singing such lines as "O Come let us adore Him, Christ the Lord", however agreeable they may find the experience. If you…

Peeps: My contribution to the Modern English Dictionary

Peeps noun (sing.; peep): (1) short, soft, high pitched sounds or utterances, like those of a baby bird; chirps. (2) A shortened colloquial term for "people", referring to those people who live in one's neighborhood, now often denotes people with whom one is familiar and fond of; friends. (3) A colloquial term used by birdwatchers to describe small North American shorebirds, usually when they form a group comprised of a variety of species; sandpipers. Sometimes erroneously applied to any small brown bird species that is difficult for the observer to identify. (4) Product name for soft…

Which One of You is Doing This?

. Police in Germany are hunting pranksters who have been sticking miniature flag portraits of George W. Bush into piles of dog poo in public parks. "This has been going on for about a year now, and there must be 2,000 to 3,000 piles of excrement that have been claimed during that time," said Josef Oettl, parks administrator for Bayreuth. The series of incidents was originally thought to be some sort of protest against the US-led invasion of Iraq. But then when it continued, it was thought to be a protest against George W. Bush's campaign for re-election. But it is still going on and the…

seasonal observations

little things noticed in the last few seasonal shopping time units... as someone who perused "stocking stuffers", it is very noticeable that the "under a dollar" li'l knick-knack, that is actually mildly functional or amusing, is no longer available - almost everything under a dollar is pure crap, and anything of any functionality is up in the $3-5 range. anecdotally, groceries are getting considerably more expensive. Good thing groceries don't count in terms of "core inflation", eh? But cheap knick-knacks do. In a pinch we can always eat flat screen TVs (or CRT TVs if you're a starving…

Fornvännen's Summer Issue On-Line

The July issue of Fornvännen has come on-line in all its free full-text glory less than six months after paper publication. PÃ¥vel Nicklasson publishes his second paper on the forgotten early-19th century antiquarian, J.H. Wallman, and relays information about a Late Roman Period snake-head gold ring found in a highly unusual context. Ny Björn Gustafsson analyses a poorly understood class of Viking Period ironware and builds a case for a chilling functional interpretation: they were slave collars. Svetlana Vasilyeva, the most Swedish-speaking colleague we have in Russia, discusses the…

Laptop Day

I'm enjoying one of my infrequent laptop days, that is, days during which it actually makes sense for me to tote such a device around. I type these words from the Konradsberg campus of the University of Stockholm. Konradsberg is a name that resonates in my city's history, because it used to be one of the main mental hospitals, known colloquially as the "Castle of Madmen". I haven't been committed (yet). I'm here for the second day of the Wikipedia Academy 2009 conference, representing my employer, the Royal Academy of Letters. In order to get on-line I had to solve a decidedly analog problem…

Anti-Gambling Law a Priority for Frist

Internet News reports: With little more than 20 working days left before the November mid-term elections, the Senate faces a crowded agenda including 13 different funding bills to keep the government functioning when its new fiscal year begins on Oct. 1... In its first session Tuesday since the August recess, Frist prioritized the appropriation bills, judicial nominee confirmations and halting Internet gambling as his top issues. "Internet gambling threatens our families by bringing addictive behavior right into our living rooms," Frist said in floor remarks. Except for internet gambling on…

Journey to the other side

Lya Kahlo carried out an informal atheistical survey of Christian forums—she visited 35 online religious forums as an openly atheist but friendly visitor, to sample their attitudes. The results aren't pretty. Her summary: The entire experience can be summed up fairly easily. Generally speaking, they know next to nothing about atheists, they are extremely emotionally attached to their deities, and they are just people looking for truth as we are. The animosity that sparks between atheists and theists seems to stem from the two camps speaking two different languages - atheists speak in terms of…

Ask a ScienceBlogger: Where Do You Find the Time?

I haven't yet attempted to answer any of the Ask a Science Blogger questions, but I think I'll give this week's question a shot. The question is: How is it that all the PIs (Tara, PZ, Orac et al.), various grad students, post-docs, etc. find time to fulfill their primary objectives (day jobs) and blog so prolifically? Well, I'm not a grad student, a post-doc, a scientist or anything that suggests that someone actually works hard to earn a living, but this is a question I've gotten from others as well. This is especially true because I'm probably one of the most prolific of the bloggers here,…

College Science Advice Tetralogy

I got off on a bit of a rant the other day about bad defenses of "the humanities," but there's a bright side. It finally got me to write my own, over at Forbes, which is basically the last piece of a tetralogy of advice for students: -- Why small colleges are a great place for students majoring in STEM subjects -- What students planning to major in STEM subjects should make sure to do in college -- Why non-STEM majors should nevertheless take science classes in college -- Why STEM majors should take "humanities" classes, and take them seriously That last one, posted yesterday, is my attempt…

Get out of here, atheists!

The governor of Illinois has been playing some games with state money, shuffling a million dollars to benefit a Baptist church, and an atheist dared to testify to the legislature against this. The response from one legislator was unsurprising: she shrieked at the atheist to get out. Rep. Monique Davis (D-Chicago) interrupted atheist activist Rob Sherman during his testimony Wednesday afternoon before the House State Government Administration Committee in Springfield and told him, "What you have to spew and spread is extremely dangerous . . . it's dangerous for our children to even know that…

Genuine Advantage, My Ass

In recent years, I've bought three copies of a useful piece of software as part of package deals on computers. The software licences include free on-line upgrades, and hardly a week goes by without an offer of some tweak or patch to improve the workings of things. I gratefully partake. I've been a loyal customer of this software company for almost 20 years. But when I heard what the newest version of their product is like, I began considering alternatives. And in the past few days, I have received offensive messages from them that made up my mind real quick. Dear Reader, have you heard of…

Bibliometry and Open Access in the Humanities

From my buddy Jonas Nordin, retiring head editor of Sweden's main historical journal, a well-argued paper about the problems of applying bibliometric assessments and Open Access practices in the humanities. Historisk tidskrift, present and future Reflections on readers' reactions, bibliometrics and Open Access In this article the author recounts his experiences as editor of Historisk tidskrift. The starting point is a poll of the journal's readers presented at the triannual meeting of the Swedish Historical Association in Lund in April 2008. Readers told that they read Historisk tidskrift…

Online Dialogue About Nanotechnology

While I'm passing on announcements from my email, there's an online event scheduled for Tuesda and Wednesday about nanotechnology and the consumer: Nanotechnology--the ability to measure, see, manipulate and manufacture things between 1 and 100 nanometers (1 billionth of a meter)--is seen as the driver of a new industrial revolution emerging with the development of materials that exhibit new properties and potential new risks and benefits at this tiny scale. However, according to recent polls, the majority of Americans have heard little or nothing about nanotechnology, even as consumer…

What's (Still) the Matter With Kansas

Also in the Times today is an opinion piece by Lawrence Krauss on why the Kansas school board election isn't the end of the fight. He quotes some damning things from the chairman of the school board, and then observes: A key concern should not be whether Dr. Abrams's religious views have a place in the classroom, but rather how someone whose religious views require a denial of essentially all modern scientific knowledge can be chairman of a state school board. I have recently been criticized by some for strenuously objecting in print to what I believe are scientifically inappropriate…

Real Scientists Have Families, Too: Photo Edition

While we're revisiting blog topics of the recent past, another item from this weekend's visit to the Ithaca Sciencenter, in the form of the picture above. For those with images off, or who read via RSS and won't see the picture, it's a photo of one of the inspirational plaques they have lining the walls of their community room, honoring famous scientists. This particular one is for Richard Feynman, and what struck me about it was that the photo isn't his Nobel Prize portrait, or him playing the bongos, but a somewhat grainy picture of him standing next to a telescope in the desert, pushing a…

links for 2008-12-16

kast_sko Throw a shoe at George Bush. In Norwegian. (tags: politics silly games internet) Kevin Drum - Mother Jones Blog: DC Charters "Look: even your most novice educational researcher knows that comparing test scores is useless unless you control pretty carefully for things like parental involvement and expenditure levels. And most of the studies I've seen suggest that once you do that, charters perform about the same as traditional schools. At most, they perform only slightly better." (tags: academia education blogs social-science politics US) Online Introductory physics text | Dot…

Bloggy goodness

I'm going to share a few wonderful links to ease my transition back into the on-line world. First, there's a new photoblogger on the Scienceblogs' Photo Synthesis blog. BJ Bollender is the training coordinator for disability awareness and assistive technology in Arizona. She always travel with camera in hand, and she's got an eye for natural wonders, including rocks and minerals (yay!). Check out her gorgeous first post. There's another new blogger 'round these parts: Eric Michael Johnson of The Primate Diaries. I know that Eric is a Sciencewomen reader, because he won a Recycled Ideas gifty…

About Erleichda, co-author of The Friday Fermentable

Erleichda is the nom de plume of a guest blogger who contributes regularly to The Friday Fermentable columns. The act of contributing a column periodically on the topic of wine is consistent with the philosophy embodied in his pseudonym, i.e., to "lighten up" (from 'Jitterbug Perfume' by Tom Robbins). Erleichda holds a PhD in microbiology following a baccalaureate in the same discipline. Post-doctoral training was received in tumor immunology and virology. While initial employment involved transplantation immunology research for a few years, a subsequent job at a research institute focused…

Quick picks

Time is short today so here are two quick picks of blog posts well worth reading on topics related to our normal discussions: Joseph at The Corpus Callosum discusses a paper and a news report on putting drug safety risks in objective perspective relative to other risk behaviors we encounter daily, like driving a car. Depending on one's aversion to risk, some drugs can be considered relatively safe or dangerous, but Joseph points out that one must also consider the benefits of drugs in these risk assessment. But safety is not absolute: all beneficial activities and behaviors carry some risk…

Happy New Year!

This has been A Good Year TM. I won an award, had fun reporting on the eye-opening World Conference of Science Journalists, finally joined Twitter, spoke at Science Online London and was promoted at work. On top of that, this blog has gone from strength to strength thanks to the promotional efforts of the folks here at ScienceBlogs and the word-spreading antics of you readers. This last month, the blog has seen the largest amount of traffic it has ever seen, about four times the level of the same time last year. So thank you to everyone for continuing to read what I churn out. It means a lot…

Subsidies and Small Farms

Another post related to the Science and the Farm Bill one. Image courtesy of Appalachian Sustainable Development (here) Subsidies come in for a lot of debate. No controversy in saying that -- right wing, left-wing, top-wing, no wing. The controversy is about what the subsidies are for, who pays for them, who gets them, and what else we could've got with that money. It's here that you get a host of critiques about subsidies. The Heritage Foundation, as we linked to before, is going to fight for reducing taxes under the cloak of fighting for taxpayer rights, not wanting their hard-…

Re-Cap on Talk at NAS: Communicating About Evolution

Roughly 100 audience members turned out to Monday's talk at the National Academies on "Communicating about Evolution" co-sponsored by the NIH and part of their spring lecture series on Evolution and Medicine. Online video of the talk and slides will be available soon but below I have pasted the take home conclusions that I offered, principles and rules of thumb that should guide public engagement not just on evolution but on any science-related policy topic. 1. Science literacy has very little to do with public support, trust, perceptions, or deference to science. 2. Scientific organizations…