Visiting Darwin's Home, Part 3: The Greenhouse and Garden

tags: Sandwalk, Down House, Darwin, nature, photography, London, England, Bromley, England, sciblog

Sunday, the day after the Nature Network Science Blog conference was over, Mike, Mo and I caught a train to Bromley, England, where we toured Darwin's Down House and Gardens and walked along the famous Sandwalk that Darwin once walked. This is part three of my photoessay series about Down House, where I focus on the Gardens and greenhouse behind the house.

After spending a fair amount of time in the flower gardens, we all set out along the well-worn pathway that formed the beginning of Darwin's famous Sandwalk. The path led us away from the flowers and towards a very large garden where food plants were cultivated, and where a greenhouse stood nearby. Darwin's gardens produced enough food to support 22 people for many years.

Along the way, there was a break in the brick wall (see top image), so I stepped through it and found a grassy glade with lovely old tree in the center.

Here is a look at Darwin's Gardens through this hole in the wall before I stepped back onto the Sandwalk.

On the opposite side of the path from the garden was Darwin's greenhouse, which was open to the public.

Darwin filled his greenhouse with plants that he had gotten from a botanist, Joseph Hooker, as well as from a group of wealthy enthusiasts who cultivated and propagated rare plants as a hobby.

Here is a picture of the inside of the greenhouse, which was filled with thousands of rare and unusual plant species, all of which had, at one time or another, been kept by Darwin.

Immediately inside the greenhouse door was a large wooden bench covered with hundreds of individual plants comprising numerous species of carnivorous plants. These, along with orchids, are some of my most favorite plants, so I lingered quite a while over them, admiring their wide variety of shapes and colors.

Darwin was also quite fond of carnivorous plants, and sundews were a particular favorite. He was fascinated to learn that the diminutive sundew obtain all their nutrients by digesting the insects they trap rather than by taking them up from the soil through their roots like most plants. So one of Darwin's experiments involved designing a diet to keep his sundews happy: he found that these tiny carnivorous plants thrive on a diet of red meat and eggs.

Darwin also worked with a huge variety of orchids. He studied the strangely shaped flowers and concluded that beauty was not "designed" by God to please humans but honed by natural selection to attract specific pollinators. For example, when he saw the very long nectary of the orchid, Angraecum sesquipedale, he predicted -- correctly -- that this flower must be pollinated by a moth with a footlong tongue. This moth was later discovered.

Darwin's work with his orchids led to the book, On the various contrivances by which British and foreign orchids are fertilised by insects and the good effects of intercrossing, which was published in 1862. In fact, much of what we know about the relationships between orchids and their pollinating insects is based on Darwin's discoveries over 100 years ago.

One last look at Darwin's greenhouse before setting off down the path to The Sandwalk.

If you enjoyed this photoessay, you might wish to read Part Two: The Flower Gardens. I plan to publish one last installment tomorrow, The Sandwalk.